More than a hundred years ago, two boys were fishing in a small river. They sat in a heavy-bottomed boat, each holding a long, bent pole in his hands and eagerly waiting for “a bite”. When they wanted to move the boat from one place to another they had to push against a long pole into the bottom of the stream.
“This is slow work, Robert,” said the older of the boys. “Yes, Christopher, and it’s hard work, too.” answered Robert. “I think there’s some better way of moving a boat.”
Christopher advised rowing it and Robert promised to make some paddles (桨). The next day Robert’s aunt heard a great noise in her house. The two boys were there, busily working. “What are you making, Robert?” she asked. He told his plan. His aunt laughed and said, “Well done! I hope you’ll succeed.”
After much work, they succeeded in making two paddle wheels. They were very rough, but strong and usable. They fixed each of these wheels to the end of an iron rod (长杆) which they passed through the boat from side to side. The rod was bent in the middle. When the work was finished, the old fishing boat looked rather strange, with a paddle wheel on each side. The boys lost no time in trying it. One of the boys could guide the boat while the other turned the paddle wheels.
That night when Christopher went home, he told his father a wonderful story. “Robert Fulton planned the whole thing,” he said, “and I helped him make the paddles and put them on the boat.” When Robert Fulton became a man, he didn’t forget his experiment with the old fishing boat. He kept on thinking and working, until at last he succeeded in making a boat with paddle wheels that could be run by steam. He’s now honored as the inventor of the steamboat.
1.How did the two boys move their heavy boat at first?
A. By moving two paddle wheels. B. By pushing two paddles in the water.
C. By using a long pole in the water. D. By moving their hands in the water.
2.What did Robert’s aunt do when she knew about his plan?
A. She helped Robert work on it. B. She didn’t care about Robert.
C. She laughed at Robert much. D. She wished Robert success.
3.The underlined words “a wonderful story” in the last paragraph may refer to __________.
A. the invention of paddle wheels B. Christopher’s successful plan
C. Christopher’s skill in guiding the boat D. the old fishing boat
假设你是校学生会的负责人，你校将举行以“建设文明校园”为主题的倡议活动。请你代表学生会给全体师生写一封倡议书，内容要点如下：1. 该活动的意义；2. 具体措施（遵守学校、班级规定；举止文明；关爱、帮助他人等）；3. 号召大家现在开始采取行动。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画_____横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词
注意：l．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear sir,
I am sorry to write to you, but I feel it my responsibility to do so, so we should pay attention to our living environment while develop our economy. Yesterday we paid the visit to a chemical factory. When we go out of the factory, we saw that the environment nearby was so bad polluted. The water in the river was so black as coal. There were no living things in them. What’s worse, the crops there didn’t grow well. We hope our government can make the factory to take measures to prevent the pollution. Only in this way we live a health and happy life.
Yours,
Li Ming
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most children with healthy appetites（食欲）are ready to eat almost anything that 1.（offer）to them. A child often likes food 2. it is badly cooked. The way a meal is cooked and served 3.（be）the most important.
A meal that looks 4.（attract）will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child 5. he likes or dislikes the food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else 6.（do）so. If the father says he hates fat meat in the child’s hearing, he may copy this 7.（behave）. At meal times, it is a good idea to let a child come back for 8. second helping（一份食物）rather than give him as much as he may eat all at once. Set a good example to your kid and don’t talk with your mouth 9.（fill）with food. Don’t allow him to leave the table at once after a meal, or he 10.（learn）to eat his food hurriedly so that he can hurry back to the toys in his room. At no time should you force or fool your child to eat.
It was sunny when my dad and I arrived at his company. We parked the car and_________it. I looked around and saw a gray thing on the floor. I thought it was a garbage bag, ________ it started to move. As we approached, we_________that it was a small wounded dog.
We were so moved by the__________that we decided to help the__________dog. We went across the street and bought some dog food, and then we got some pure________for it, in order to help it regain__________.
The dog was so desperate that it__________drowned itself after we gave it the food and water. After it ate up the food, we__________it to move. However it couldn’t. my dad_________to take it in his arms, but it started barking_________ the pain caused by its wounded bleeding paws, so we__________to carry it in a small stretcher（担架）to the car.
_____, we took it to the vet so that it could be treated. The vet told us that it had a(n)__________leg and that it had been starving for days. After five days of treatment, it_________and we decided to look for a__________for it. Though I loved the dog very much, no one in my home could_________it.
Finally, the dog was________by one of my dad’s colleagues. It is taken good care of and living_________now. Every life deserves our acts of kindness. I was_________that we helped the dog and made it have the chance to continue enjoying its life.
1.A. relied on B. got out of C. dealt with D. took charge of
2.A. but B. or C. for D. so
3.A. suspected B. imagined C. analyzed D. realized
4.A. condition B. description C. scene D. symptom
5.A. poor B. greedy C. unique D. precious
6.A. chance B. wool C. blood D. water
7.A. warmth B. strength C. experience D. confidence
8.A. even B. just C. almost D. ever
9.A. encouraged B. banned C. instructed D. promised
10.A. rejected B. afforded C. tried D. pretended
11.A. on behalf of B. due to C. in spite of D. apart from
12.A. failed B. refused C. happened D. decided
13.A. Rapidly B. Frequently C. Mentally D. Roughly
14.A. thin B. powerful C. broken D. artificial
15.A. approved B. panicked C. withdrew D. recovered
16.A. family B. department C. bandage D. colleague
17.A. appeal to B. look after C. stare at D. come across
18.A. defeated B. cured C. attacked D. adopted
19.A. forever B. honestly C. happily D. alone
20.A. confused B. delighted C. disappointed D. surprised
The key to effective cross-cultural communication is knowledge. First, it is essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication, and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems. Second, it is important to assume（假定）that one’s efforts will not always be successful, and adjust one’s behavior appropriately.
For example, one should always assume that there is a great possibility that cultural differences are causing communication problems. One should respond slowly and carefully in cross-cultural exchanges, not jumping to the conclusion that you know what is being thought and said.
William Ury’s suggestion for heated conflicts is to stop, listen, and think, or as he puts it “go to the balcony” when the situation gets tense（紧张的）. This helps in cross-cultural communication as well. When things seem to be going badly, stop or slow down and think. What could be going on here? Is it possible that I misinterpreted what they said?
Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out—by repeating what one thinks he/she heard, one can confirm that he/she understands the communication accurately.
Often intermediaries（调解人）can be helpful in cross-cultural communication situations. They can translate both the essential meaning and the manner of what is said. For example, they can tone down strong statements that would be considered appropriate in one culture but not in another, before they are given to people from a culture that does not talk together in such a strong way. They can also adjust the timing of what is said and done. Some cultures move quickly to the point; others talk about other things long enough to establish a relationship with the other person. If discussion on the primary topic begins too soon, the group that needs a “warm up” first will feel uncomfortable. An intermediary who understands this can explain the problem, and make appropriate adjustments.
1.What is the most important thing in cross-cultural communication?
A. Knowledge of your own culture.
B. The ability to take in different opinions.
C. Awareness of the problems that may arise.
D. Successful efforts to change your behavior.
2.Which character helps prevent communication problems?
A. Patience. B. Honesty.
C. Generosity. D. Stubbornness.
3.What does William Ury mean by “go to the balcony”?
A. Go outside and enjoy fresh air.
B. Get out of the situation temporarily.
C. Exchange positions with each other.
D. Deal with the conflicts in a secret way.
4.To be an intermediary, one should ________.
A. be an experienced translator
B. know both cultures very well
C. be directly involved in a discussion
D. behave properly all through a discussion
