If you’ve ever had a nightmare (噩梦), you’re not alone. 1. A nightmare is a bad dream. It can make you feel scared, anxious or upset.
Why do I get nightmares?
Stressful things that happen during the day can turn dreams into nightmares. Nightmares may be a way to reduce the pressures of the day. Sometimes major changes can cause stress that leads to nightmares. Another thing that may cause nightmares is watching scary movies or reading scary books, especially before you go to bed.2.
How can I prevent nightmares?
Although it is normal to have a nightmare once in a while, there are some methods you can try to get nightmares under control.
◆ Get into a healthy sleep routine (习惯).3. Avoid eating or exercising just before bedtime. Avoid scary books or movies before bedtime.
◆ Use a nightlight. With a nightlight, if you awake from a nightmare, you’ll be able to see familiar things and remember where you are.
◆ Keep your door open. 4. If you are scared, get up and find someone for reassurance (安心). You’re never too old for a hug!
What if the nightmares don’t go away?
Most of the time, nightmares are not a big problem. It often helps to tell a trusted adult about your bad dreams. 5. Sometimes it helps to keep a dream journal, a notebook in which you describe the dreams you can remember. If you have frequent nightmares, you and your parents might want to see a doctor to help you deal with your bad dreams.
A. You can go to bed about the same time and wake up at the same time every day.
B. Nightmares are not real and they cannot hurt you.
C. But sometimes you might have a nightmare for no reason at all.
D. This will help you remember that your family is close by.
E. The amount of sleep a person needs depends a lot on his or her age.
F. Just talking about what happened might make you feel better.
G. Almost everyone gets them once in a while --adults, as well as kids.
Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print?
Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result, they were expensive and rare. And because there weren’t many books, few people learned to read.
Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.
Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players.
Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I don’t think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two metres high!
1.What does the writer do before he goes to sleep’?
A. He reads books. B. He reads newspapers
C. He looks at the posters on the wall. D. He looks through magazines
2.What happened after books became cheaper?
A. People didn’t want to buy books. B. Printing was invented in China.
C. The Internet was introduced to people soon D. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.
3.What is the writer’s opinion about books and computers’?
A. Books won’t be replaced by computers.
B. People won’t need books any more
C. People prefer to find information in books.
D. Computers have already replaced books.
Every summer, the Serengeti plains (平原) of Africa are worth visiting. Millions of wild animals begin their 1,800-mile journey northwards on their annual migratory (迁移的) route.
In the month of November, polar bears in their thousands cross the Canadian Arctic, as they head towards the ice sheets of Hudson Bay. The sea ice that forms every winter is the key to the bear’s managing to exist, for here they hunt for seals (海豹).
The Great Bustard, one of the heaviest flying birds, migrates each year across Europe and Asia to its wintering grounds. Unluckily, these and other migratory animals are in danger from human activity.
We have written several articles on climate change and the effect of rising ocean temperatures. Since 1979, ice sheets in the Arctic have gone down by 30 percent. What does this mean for polar bears? They are forced to stay on land for longer periods of time, which delays their search for food. As a result, bears today are 60 pounds lighter than what they were. Besides, smaller bears also produce weaker babies, and their chances of survival are at risk. In the plains of Africa, migratory animals like gazelles are traveling long distances for food, just to avoid falling prey (牺牲品) to humans who hunt them.
In an unusual step, experts from 120 countries have agreed to protect 31 migratory mammals, fish and birds. The United Nation’s 11th annual Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) was held in Quito, Ecuador. For the first time, 900 experts attended the conference, and the enthusiastic support shows the world is united in conservation (保护) efforts.
What does getting on a protected list mean? Countries that have signed the agreement will be required to pass laws locally and work with other countries that fall within the animal’s migratory path. Only one animal did not make the list. The African lion was rejected (拒绝) for lack of information of the countries where it lives.
1.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The Great Bustard is one of the largest flying birds.
B. The weight of polar bears today is lighter than what it was.
C. In the 1970s, ice sheets went down by 30 percent.
D. 120 experts have agreed to protect 21 migratory animals.
2.Why was the African lion not included in the list from the passage?
A. We don’t know which countries it lives in.
B. It isn’t a migratory animal.
C. Experts were not interested in this animal.
D. It was not traveling long distances for food.
3.The writer writes this passage aiming to __________.
A. let us know about the animals
B. prevent the rare animals from dying out
C. inform us of the effects of climate change
D. draw our attention to helping the migratory animals
4.All these factors have probably put the migratory animals in danger EXCEPT _______.
A. some human activity B. the enthusiastic support from experts
C. rising ocean temperatures D. climate change
More than a hundred years ago, two boys were fishing in a small river. They sat in a heavy-bottomed boat, each holding a long, bent pole in his hands and eagerly waiting for “a bite”. When they wanted to move the boat from one place to another they had to push against a long pole into the bottom of the stream.
“This is slow work, Robert,” said the older of the boys. “Yes, Christopher, and it’s hard work, too.” answered Robert. “I think there’s some better way of moving a boat.”
Christopher advised rowing it and Robert promised to make some paddles (桨). The next day Robert’s aunt heard a great noise in her house. The two boys were there, busily working. “What are you making, Robert?” she asked. He told his plan. His aunt laughed and said, “Well done! I hope you’ll succeed.”
After much work, they succeeded in making two paddle wheels. They were very rough, but strong and usable. They fixed each of these wheels to the end of an iron rod (长杆) which they passed through the boat from side to side. The rod was bent in the middle. When the work was finished, the old fishing boat looked rather strange, with a paddle wheel on each side. The boys lost no time in trying it. One of the boys could guide the boat while the other turned the paddle wheels.
That night when Christopher went home, he told his father a wonderful story. “Robert Fulton planned the whole thing,” he said, “and I helped him make the paddles and put them on the boat.” When Robert Fulton became a man, he didn’t forget his experiment with the old fishing boat. He kept on thinking and working, until at last he succeeded in making a boat with paddle wheels that could be run by steam. He’s now honored as the inventor of the steamboat.
1.How did the two boys move their heavy boat at first?
A. By moving two paddle wheels. B. By pushing two paddles in the water.
C. By using a long pole in the water. D. By moving their hands in the water.
2.What did Robert’s aunt do when she knew about his plan?
A. She helped Robert work on it. B. She didn’t care about Robert.
C. She laughed at Robert much. D. She wished Robert success.
3.The underlined words “a wonderful story” in the last paragraph may refer to __________.
A. the invention of paddle wheels B. Christopher’s successful plan
C. Christopher’s skill in guiding the boat D. the old fishing boat
假设你是校学生会的负责人，你校将举行以“建设文明校园”为主题的倡议活动。请你代表学生会给全体师生写一封倡议书，内容要点如下：1. 该活动的意义；2. 具体措施（遵守学校、班级规定；举止文明；关爱、帮助他人等）；3. 号召大家现在开始采取行动。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画_____横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词
注意：l．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear sir,
I am sorry to write to you, but I feel it my responsibility to do so, so we should pay attention to our living environment while develop our economy. Yesterday we paid the visit to a chemical factory. When we go out of the factory, we saw that the environment nearby was so bad polluted. The water in the river was so black as coal. There were no living things in them. What’s worse, the crops there didn’t grow well. We hope our government can make the factory to take measures to prevent the pollution. Only in this way we live a health and happy life.
Yours,
Li Ming
