Question

Every year, 1.5 million kids around the world die as a result of not getting vaccines (疫苗). This is partly because transporting and storing medicines can be a huge challenge in some countries.

Anurudh Ganesan, 17, knows this firsthand. When he was a baby in India, his grandparents carried him 10 miles to a health clinic in a remote village to receive a vaccine. But by the time they arrived, the vaccines were no longer usable because they had been overheated.

Vaccines, Anurudh later learned, must be kept cool to stay effective. But refrigerating them requires electricity or ice – precious resources that many developing countries lack.

Although Anurudh eventually received the vaccine he needed, his experience as a baby and the sad reality that so many other children aren’t as lucky motivated him to take action. The high school student invented Vaxxwagon, a portable vaccine-carrying device that generates its own power to keep lifesaving medicines cool as they’re delivered to remote areas around the world.

Anurudh first got his idea for Vaxxwagon in 2014. He read several textbooks to learn everything he could about refrigeration, and then he did research online to learn more about vaccines. Rather than relying on electricity or ice, Anurudh figured out a way to use wheels to power a refrigeration system for about eight hours. The entire rechargeable cooling system can be pulled to areas in need of vaccines by a bicycle, a car, or an animal. Eventually, Anurudh took his design to professors at Johns Hopkins University for advice. Not only did they confirm Vaxxwagon could work, but they offered him funding to help build it.

Anurudh was rewarded with the 2015 Google Science Fair LEGO Education Builder Award for his invention. Anurudh says his final goal is to start selling Vaxxwagon to relief organizations, so it can be used to help people around the world.

Anurudh, who plans to pursue engineering degree in college, says, “Don’t give up on your ideas. But always try to help others with your projects. That’s the point of engineering – to help people.”

1.Why do many children die every year?

A. They lack qualified medical teams.

B. They cannot afford usable medicines.

C. They don’t have an electricity system.

D. They have no access to effective vaccines.

2.What is special about Vaxxwagon?

A. It can serve as a fridge.

B. It can produce safe vaccines.

C. It can detect deadly diseases.

D. It can be a means of transport.

3.Which of the following words can best describe Anurudh?

A. Caring and creative.

B. Modest and sympathetic.

C. Loyal and determined.

D. Honest and hard-working.

4.What can we learn from the story?

A. Practice makes perfect.

B. One good turn deserves another.

C. Motivation is the mother of success.

D. All things are difficult before they are easy.

Answer

1. D

2. A

3. A

4. C

【解析】

本文为记叙文。每年，全世界有150万儿童因未接种疫苗而死亡。这在一定程度上是因为在某些国家，运输和储存药品可能是一个巨大的挑战。17岁的印度男孩阿努鲁德·甘尼桑发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置VaxxWagon，这种装置可以产生自己的能量，在将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区时，使其保持凉爽。阿努鲁德因其发明获得了2015年谷歌科学博览会乐高教育建设者奖。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Every year, 1.5 million kids around the world die as a result of not getting vaccines (疫苗). This is partly because transporting and storing medicines can be a huge challenge in some countries.（每年，全世界有150万儿童因未接种疫苗而死亡。这在一定程度上是因为在某些国家，运输和储存药品可能是一个巨大的挑战。）及第二段中的But by the time they arrived, the vaccines were no longer usable because they had been overheated.（但是当他们到达时，疫苗已经不能使用了，因为它们已经过热了）可知，每年都有许多儿童因为得不到有效的疫苗而死亡。故D选项正确。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的The high school student invented Vaxxwagon, a portable vaccine-carrying device that generates its own power to keep lifesaving medicines cool as they’re delivered to remote areas around the world.（这名高中生发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置VaxxWagon，这种装置可以产生自己的能量，在将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区时，使其保持凉爽。）可知，VaxxWagon的特殊之处在于它可以当作冰箱使用，将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区。故A选项正确。

3.推理判断题。17岁的印度男孩阿努鲁德·甘尼桑为拯救更多的人，而发明了一种携带疫苗的便携式装置VaxxWagon，这种装置可以产生自己的能量，在将救生药物运送到世界各地的偏远地区时，使其保持凉爽。由此可知，阿努鲁德•甘尼桑是一个有爱心、有创造力的人。故A选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Although Anurudh eventually received the vaccine he needed, his experience as a baby and the sad reality that so many other children aren’t as lucky motivated him to take action.（尽管阿努鲁德最终获得了他所需要的疫苗，但他作为一个婴儿的经历，以及许多其他孩子没有那么幸运的悲惨现实促使他采取行动。）及最终他发明了VaxxWagon装置可知，动机是成功之母。故C选项正确。