Question

At home and at work, invisible radio waves from dozens of wireless networks are running through your space and body. It’s reasonable to worry about what effect all that wireless energy might have on your health.

But while the wireless equipment is becoming popular recently, the kind of radiation they produce has been carefully examined for decades, says John Moulder, a professor from the Medical College of Wisconsin. In 2013, Moulder wrote a report about the existing health research on Wi-Fi. Like your mobile phone, Wi-Fi routers（路由器）send and receive information using radio waves, he says.

The research on radio waves and human health goes back at least to the 1950s, when there were concerns about Navy servicemen being exposed（暴露）to powerful shipboard radar（雷达）. “We have 50 or 60 years of research into the kind of radiation connected with Wi-Fi,” Moulder says.

Foster was Moulder’s partner on that 2013 report of Wi-Fi's health effects. He says that, based on our understanding of radio wave strengths and risks, world health organizations have set safety standards for all the equipment that gives off radio waves—from phones to microwaves.

But some experts have more concerns about the types of weak radiation our wireless equipment produces. “We have animal studies suggesting even low-level exposures to the kind of radio wave radiation connected with Wi-Fi could have various negative health effects,” says Joel Moskowitz, a professor from the University of California.

Earlier this year, an animal study found heavy exposures to cell phone radiation increased rats’ risks for some brain and heart problems. But many of these animal studies are “all over the place” in their design quality, Foster says. Animal research often does not translate to humans. Also, many of the experiments are quite worrying, for the levels of radiation that the tested animals received are far greater than what people suffer when using mobile phones or wireless networks.

Moskowitz doesn’t disagree with Moulder. But he says the amount of radio wave radiation people receive today is different, and this raises new concerns. When it comes to our long-term, increasing exposures to all our wireless equipment, “we’re flying blind,” he says.

Of course, trying to avoid radio wave exposure is more or less impossible if you live in modern society. Moskowitz advises keeping wireless equipment away from your body and turning off wireless networks when they’re not in use. While any health risks are yet to be proved, “I think trying to minimize exposure is the best advice at this point,” Moskowitz adds.

1.What can be inferred from what John Moulder and Kenneth Foster say?

A. The study of Wi-Fi dates back to the 1950s.

B. There is no need to worry about the use of Wi-Fi.

C. People take risks when using phones and microwaves.

D. Navy servicemen near radar were in great danger.

2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 suggest?

A. Many studies on animals can be seen here and there.

B. The design quality of animal research is far from scientific.

C. The conditions set for animal studies are similar to those of humans.

D. Human beings suffer from stronger radiation than the tested animals.

3.What’s Moskowitz’s attitude towards the use of wireless equipment?

A. Cautious.    B. Uncaring.

C. Positive.    D. Curious.

Answer

1. B

2. B

3. A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。现代社会，由于WiFi的使用，使人们更多的生活在辐射之中，因此健康专家们对此甚是担忧。

1.推理判断题。根据第四段中的world health organizations have set safety standards for all the equipment that gives off radio waves—from phones to microwaves.可知，他们认为世界卫生组织已经为所有能发射无线电波的设备制定了安全标准，由此可推断出，他们认为WiFi是安全的，没必要担忧，故选B。

2.句意猜测题。根据上文提到一项动物研究发现，大量接触手机辐射会增加老鼠患某些脑部和心脏疾病的风险，尤其根据本句前的but及下文提到专家Foster认为动物研究通常不能应用于人类，因为被测动物所受到的辐射水平远远大于人们使用手机或无线网络时所遭受的辐射水平。由此可推测出，此句意思是“动物研究的设计质量远远不够科学”，故选B。

3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的the amount of radio wave radiation people receive today is different, and this raises new concerns. When it comes to our long-term, increasing exposures to all our wireless equipment, “we’re flying blind可知，Moskowitz认为，现在人们接收到的无线电波辐射量是不同的，WiFi对我们长期的影响稍微可指，在最后一段他还建议我们尽量少接触。由此可推断出，他对此非常谨慎，故选A。