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Time for Americans to act on climate change
The climate crisis is worsening at a rate that is becoming harder and harder to ignore. For more than two decades, scientific reports have made it clear that global warming is real, that humans cause it and that the consequences will be disastrous.
The scientific community has become increasingly panicked over the past year. The latest assessment from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change painted a far more terrible picture than its previous analyses, and the long-awaited National Climate Assessment made clear that climate change represents a severe threat to human health as well as our economic security. Out of this panic came the treaty(条约)reached this past weekend by world leaders to keep the Paris climate agreement alive.
Yet many Americans still don’t regard the threat as a key priority for our government, and support President Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty. Campaign contributions from fossil fuel companies have convinced elected officials to look the other way. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy(漠然).
But there is another reason that has been discussed far less openly. While a growing number of people understand that climate change will have significant worldwide consequences, many Americans have an intuitive(直觉的)belief that their nation is more capable than others of adapting to a changed environment. Why? Because they have before.
This historical success, however, resulted from the federal government taking science seriously, and making investments to urge revolution and innovation.
But these innovations did not happen by themselves, or simply because of the United States’ rich resources. They depended on consistent support from the leaders about the need to take action when faced with crises. This has been especially true in the environmental crisis.
President Bill Clinton had a shockingly modest record of advancing climate security, particularly given that his vice president, Al Gore, had been one of the most outspoken environmentalists in Congress. By far Clinton’s biggest accomplishment was assigning Gore to participate іn thе Куоtо Рrоtoсоl negotiations. Сlіntоn сhоѕе, hоwеvеr, tо аvоіd whаt ѕurеlу wоuld have been a terrible fight in the Senate to gain approval of the treaty. While this effort probably would have failed, it would have signaled to the American people how seriously the Democratic Party took climate change.
Thus, the time has clearly arrived for progressive candidates to start campaigning on a platform built around the need for a sustainability revolution. Such a plan should include a carbon tax, well-funded clean energy research, evolved agricultural policies and smarter public transport. Given that Generation X and millennials(千禧一代)never bought into the fiction that the United States is immune to the dangers of global warming, the time is ripe to make climate security a crucial government responsibility. Only by doing so can we begin the long-overdue(拖延好久的)campaign to save the planet.
Time for Americans to act on climate change
Introduction | More and more people have become 1. of the severity of climate crisis. It is human beings that are to 2. for the real global warming and should 3. for what they have done. | |
Worldwide efforts | Given that human health as well as our economic security is 4. a severe threat caused by climate change, Paris Climate Treaty has been reached by world leaders. | |
Current American’s responses | A negative attitude | Unable to grasp the seriousness of the threat, many Americans are in 5. of President Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris treaty. |
6. for responses | Elected officials turn a deaf ear to the threat on account of their 7. relationship with fossil fuel companies. A certain amount of despair has resulted in widespread apathy. Many Americans are wildly 8. about their ability to a changed environment. | |
Earlier American’s responses | A(n) 9. attitude | Wisely assigning his vice president to participate in the Kyoto Protocol negotiations, President Bill Clinton took climate change seriously. |
Inspiration form responses | The Democratic Party used to take adequate notice of the potential crisis of the climate change. | |
10. | It is high time for Americans to begin the long-overdue campaign to save the planet. |
Stars blazed(猛烈地燃烧)in the sky above Spook like a million tiny suns. They shone through the mists, which had during the last year become thinner and weaker. At first, he had thought the world itself was changing. Then he had realized that it was just his feeling. Somehow, by burning tin in his body for so long, he had permanently strengthened his senses to a point far beyond what other Allomancers could attain.
The burned tin had begun as a reaction to Clubs’s death. Spook still felt terrible about the way he’d escaped, leaving his uncle to die. During those first few weeks, Spook had burned his metals as almost a self-punishment he’d wanted to feel everything around him, take it all in, even though it was painful, or perhaps because it was painful.
But then he’d started to change, and that had worried him. But, the crew always talked about how hard Vin pushed herself. She rarely slept, using pewter(白镴)to keep herself awake and alert. Spook didn’t know how that worked he was no Mistborn, and could only bum one metal but he figured that if burning his one metal could give him an advantage, he’d better take it, because they were going to need every advantage they could get.
The starlight was like daylight to him. During the actual day, he had to wear a cloth tied across his eyes to protect them, and even then going outside was sometimes blinding. His skin had become so sensitive that each little stone in the ground felt like a knife jabbing(猛刺)him through the bottom of his feet. The cold spring air seemed freezing, and he wore a thick cloak(斗篷).
However, he had concluded that these discomforts were small prices to pay for the opportunity to become whatever it was he had become. As he moved down the street, he could hear people turning over and over in their beds, even through their walls. He could sense a footstep from yards away. He could see on a dark night as no other human ever had.
________________. Always before, he’d been the least important member of the crew the dismissible boy who served as a handy man or kept watch while the others made plans. He didn’t feel annoyed with them for that he’d been right to give him such simple duties. ________________. Because of his street dialect, he’d been difficult to understand, and while all the other members of the crew had been carefully picked, Spook had joined through the back door since he was Clubs’s nephew.
Spook sighed, sticking his hands in his trouser pockets as he walked down the too-bright street. He could feel each and every thread of the cloth.
Dangerous things were happening he knew that: the way the mists lasted longer during the day, the way the ground shook as if it were a sleeping man, periodically(周期性地)suffering a terrible dream. Spook worried he wouldn’t be of much help in the critical days to come. A little over a year before, his uncle had died after Spook fled the city. Spook had run out of fear, but also out of a knowledge of his lack of power. ________________. He wouldn’t have been able to help during the campaign.
He didn’t want to be in that position again. He wanted to be able to help, somehow. He wouldn’t run into the woods, hiding while the world ended around him. He was sent to gather as much information as he could about the Citizen and his government there, and so Spook intended to do his best. If that meant pushing his body beyond what was safe, so be it.
He approached a large crossing. He looked both ways down the intersecting(交叉的)streets the view clear as day to his eyes. I may not be Mistborn, and I may not be emperor, he thought. But I’m something. Something new. Something people would be proud of Maybe this time I can help. ________________.
1.What is the real “change” according to Paragraph 1?
A. The thinner and weaker mists. B. The changing world.
C. Spook’s sensitive feeling. D. Allomancers’ strengthened senses.
2.Why on earth did Spook start burning tin?
A. To make himself strong. B. To erase an emotional debt.
C. To show his honor to Vin. D. To feel pain of his uncle.
3.What does the example of Vin serve as in Paragraph 3?
A. A reminder of Spook’s own pain.
B. An encouragement to Spook’s persistence.
C. A comparison for Spook’s burning metal.
D. An implication of Spook’s own change.
4.What discomforts was Spook suffering when moving down the street?
① The shining daylight that almost made him blind.
② The little stones that jabbed him like a knife.
③ The cold spring air that seemed freezing.
④ The sleepless people that turned over and over in their beds.
⑤ The awakened awareness of being unimportant when keeping watch.
⑥ His street dialect that made him hard to understand.
A. ②③ B. ①②③ C. ②③④⑥ D. ①②③④⑤⑥
5.Where can the following sentence most probably be?
“Perhaps he’d find a way to become useful to the others.”
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
6.What can we learn about Spook from the article?
A. He’s guilty and weak nephew of the great Clubs.
B. He’s a carefully-picked and most powerful member of the crew.
C. He’s a proud and self-sacrificing handy man of the crew.
D. He’s a strong-willed and outstanding Allomancer.
Captain America and Blackpanther were about to defend Earth from the criminal Thanos when Kevin Foley first noticed something was wrong. Foley, a 46-year old information-technology worker from Kyle, Texas, was heading into the theater to see Avengers: Infinity War when he realized he was having trouble breathing normally. The same symptom struck again during another movie the following night, but more severe this time. Once the cast on the second film rolled, Foley took action: he looked at his wristwatch. It was a bigger step than you might imagine, because Foley was wearing an Apple Watch equipped with medical sensors and experimental software to track basic functions of his heart. And the watch was worried. It had, according to the display, detected signs of an irregular heartbeat.
Before long, Foley was in an emergency room, where doctors hooked him up to an ECG(心电图), which showed that he was in atrial fibrillation(心房颤动), an irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots(血栓), stroke and other potentially disastrous diseases. Foley spent the next few days in the hospital while doctors worked to return him to a normal heart rhythm eventually turning to a procedure called electrical cardioversion to shock his heart back to normal. Foley is doing fine now. But he believes that, if not for the warning on his watch, he might not have sought help in time. “I would have never known,” he says.
Foley and his watch were part of an experiment run by Apple and Stanford’s medical school. But beginning Dec. 6, anyone can get an on-the-fly heart checkup, assuming they’ve paid $399 or more for an Apple Watch. That’s when Apple will launch a software update that turns its latest model, called the Series 4, into a personal ECG, thanks to an innovative new sensor. Though less complicated than hospital ECG machines, the watch version can still provide basic information and warnings of potential risks worthy of a closer look by a medical professional.
For Apple, this new ECG-on-your-wrist is its biggest bet yet that personal technology will inevitably include personal health. Along with competitors, Apple has already offered fitness functions, such as apps to track the steps you’ve walked. But with the new ECG scan, Apple is moving straight into medical aspects of heath, a distinction underlined by the fact it sought and received Food and Drug Administration clearance for the clearance for the heart monitor.
1.What’s the function of the story of Foley in Paragraphs 1 and 2?
A. To arouse the readers’ interest.
B. To raise a common problem.
C. To lead the readers to the topic.
D. To guide the readers to do first aid.
2.How can Foley’s wristwatch detect signs of an irregular heartbeart?
A. By being equipped with an innovative new medical sensor.
B. By being hooked straight up to an EGG in an emergency room.
C. By being paid not less than $399 for the latest Apple Watch.
D. By being accessible to Food and Drug Administration clearance for the heart monitor.
3.According to the passage, if someone wants to get an on-the-fly heart checkup, he or she ________.
A. can equip himself/herself with an ECG machine
B. can purchase an Apple Watch of any model
C. can buy a new Apple Watch Series 4
D. can have his or her old Apple Watch updated
4.The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. advertise and promote a new kind of Apple watch
B. inform us of a new function of the latest Apple Watch
C. tell us a lucky story of Foley’s being saved by his new Apple Watch
D. warn us of the danger of not being equipped with the latest Apple Watch
“The world feels anxious and divided, and Facebook has a lot of work to do whether it’s protecting our community from abuse and hate, defending against interference by nation states, or making sure that time spent on Facebook is well spent,” Zuckerberg wrote on Facebook in January.
If the tech firm succeeded, Facebook would end 2018 on a much better path. But the cracks in Zuckerberg’s social media empire only grew as scandals(丑闻)about data misuse, security and even Facebook’s leadership piled up.
The social network has faced criticism many times since launching 14 years ago, but the public uproar reached new heights in 2018. Facebook’s missteps, even as it tried to fix its problems, were yet another reminder of what happens when a company grows rapidly with little oversight(监管). They also set the stage for another showdown between the tech powerhouse and lawmakers who have their own ideas on how to manage a platform used by 2.3 billion people every month.
“I think there’s just a general growing consensus from both parties in Congress that self-policing is not going to work,” Democratic senator Mark Warner of Virginia said in an interview. Facebook pointed to a series of notes Zuckerberg published this year outlining what the tech firm has done to combat(战斗，争论)election meddling(好干预的), as well as hate speech, misinformation and other offensive content. The social network pulled down more than 1.5 billion fake accounts, launched a database of political ads and announced the creation of a Supreme Court like independent body to oversee content appals.
But in many ways, Zuckerberg fell short of his New Year’s resolution(决议). UN investigators said Facebook played a role in spreading hate speech that fueled ethnic cleansing(清洗)in Myanmar. Media outlets found loopholes(漏洞)and errors in Facebook’s political ads database. Users questioned whether they should delete Facebook after learning that Cambridge Analytical, a UK political consulting firm with ties to Donald Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign, gathered data on as many as 87 million Facebook users without their permission.
In short, Facebook’s problems ballooned out of the company’s control.
“They created a platform where sharing was mindlessly easy and interacting with each other required almost no forethought at all,” said Woodrow Hertzog, a law and computer science professor at Northeastern University. “As a result, there was massive sharing, including leaking of personal information that put lots of people at risk.”
1.What can be inferred about Facebook from the passage?
A. It is a platform where people can easily share well-selected information.
B. It is a social network that has faced criticism because of data misuses from Zuckerberg.
C. It is a social network which grows rapidly without enough management from the government.
D. It is a popular app that 2.3 bllion people use for information and communication every day.
2.The underlined word “uproar” in Paragraph 3 has the similar meaning to “________”.
A. crack B. criticism C. disagreement D. argument
3.What is the best title of this passage?
A. A tough challenge for Facebook B. Zuckerberg’s new year resolution
C. Criticism of Facebook for misusing D. A dark future for Facebook
Hungary’s capital sparkles(闪耀)in winter and it’s a great place to see in the New Year. There’s festive cheer on tap, with concerts, folk dancing and stalls selling wine or fruit brandy and traditional chimney cake outsides. New Year’s Eve is celebrated with fireworks over the Danube(多瑙河), and it’s worth booking one of the many river cruises(巡游)with dinner and DJs (free and open 24/7, but likely to be crowded).
A four-night trip with Travel Republic costs £449 for a family (2 adults with 1 child under 6), departing Stansted on 28 December with Ryanair, with B&B accommodation at the central Atrium Budapest Hotel.
For a slightly more cerebral(理智的)New Year’s Eve, Stockholm is a smart choice. The main celebration is at Skansen, Sweden’s oldest open-air museum. Enterainment starts at 8 p.m. with singing and dancing, and peaks with a recitation of the poem Ring Out. Evening tickets are £l4 for adults (children under 6 go free), or there are new day and evening combination tickets (£l6 adult/£5 child). On New Year’s Day, early birds can try an introduction to ice skating (8 a.m. daily, £139).
Book it Ryanair, Norwegian and SAS fly to Stockholm from several UK airports.
The land of fire and ice lives up to its name on New Year’s Eve, when about 90 bonfires(篝火)are lit across the country. Some bonfires are accompanied by Icelandic singing; most start about 8 p.m. and finish by 10 p.m., which can be a good time to see the northern lights. After the fires, everyone goes home to watch Áramótaskaup, a TV show that has been running on 31 December since 1966. But that doesn’t mean the party is over just before midnight, they all come back out to let off an astonishing amount of fireworks, with profits going to Icelandic Search and Rescue Association, which does life-saving work, and is run by volunteers and is a cause close to most Icelanders’ hearts.
Book it Wow Air and Wizz Air, easyJet and Icelandair fly to Reykjavik from several UK cities.
1.According to the passage, when travelling to one of the three cities on New Year’s Eve, you can ________.
A. have a free but maybe uncomfortable cruise along the Danube
B. go ice skating with your close friends in Stockholm
C. light the bonfires in Iceland and join in Icelandic singing
D. watch Áramótaskaup and be a volunteer to let off fireworks
2.If an English couple with a child aged 5 want to celebrate the new year by enjoying poems, how much will they pay at least?
A. £14. B. £21. C. £28. D. £37.
We don’t meet people by accident.
Every person you meet will have a(n) ____ in your life, big or small. Some will help you grow and inspire you to do better, ____ some will let you down or even hurt you. At the same time, you are ____ some role in their lives as well. After all, paths ____ for a reason and we are supposed to treat people with significance.
The best teachers are those who don’t tell you how to get there but ____ the way.
There is no better joy than ____ people see a vision for themselves, seeing them go to levels ____ than they ever would have imagined on their own. But that doesn’t ____ you have to fix them or enable them; instead, ____ them to the source of their own power. Offer them support and ____ to fight as they find their own way and show you ____ they’re capable of. All you have to do is believe in them.
Never ____ someone even if he fails unless you are helping them up.
We like to think of life as a meritocracy(精英), so it’s easy to look down on someone who isn’t as ____ or accomplished or well educated as you are. But you have no idea how ____ that person has already climbed or where they will ____. Time could easily reverse(翻转)your ____, so be sure you treat everyone with ____.
____ those who have supported you, forgive those who have ____ you, help those who need you.
Business is complicated, life is complex, and leadership is difficult. Treat all people including yourself with love and compassion(同情), and you can’t ____.
Treat people the way you want to be treated and life will instantly get better.
1.A. chance B. role C. relation D. place
2.A. while B. if C. when D. though
3.A. changing B. creating C. finding D. playing
4.A. cross B. end C. wind D. begin
5.A. push B. find C. show D. feel
6.A. helping B. making C. having D. letting
7.A. better B. higher C. richer D. farther
8.A. say B. mean C. explain D. describe
9.A. attach B. relate C. adapt D. guide
10.A. motivation B. shelter C. prediction D. evidence
11.A. that B. which C. what D. how
12.A. look down on B. take care of C. put up with D. show respect for
13.A. lucky B. wise C. enthusiastic D. successful
14.A. far B. long C. many D. much
15.A. work out B. fade away C. end up D. get along
16.A. instructions B. positions C. directions D. situations
17.A. equality B. respect C. quality D. identity
18.A. Praise B. Appreciate C. Tolerate D. Expect
19.A. hurt B. hated C. interrupted D. annoyed
20.A. go back B. go wrong C. go blind D. go out
