阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s longest sea bridge 1. (call) the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge has opened. The bridge 2. (link) Hong Kong and Macau to mainland China. 3. took more than a decade to construct it. Builders had to make artificial islands in the Pearl River Delta 4. (provide) the supports for the bridge. There is also a 6.7-kilometre underwater tunnel in the middle of the bridge, 5. allows ships to sail through the Delta. The new bridge stretches 6. (long) than 14 Golden Gate Bridges lined up end to end. The bridge will 7. (great) cut the time it takes to travel from mainland China to Hong Kong and Macau.
Chinese President Xi attended the opening ceremony of the bridge. He hopes the new crossing will help to connect 68 million people in 11 different 8. (city). China’s government believes that up to 29,000 cars will cross the sea link daily by the year 2030. A trade and tourism expert said, “This makes Hong Kong a lot more accessible for goods, passengers and trade, so this is a benefit 9.the economic perspective.” The bridge will be open to tourists to drive across it. However, local car owners will not be able to cross the bridge 10. they have a special permit. Most drivers will take a shuttle bus to make the journey.
Dad loves fishing very much. Fishing is as much a part of Dad’s life as ______. Going fishing with him is a very ______ thing for me and my twin brother. Jumping into a ______ stream on a hot day, sleeping under the bright ______ , fishing with Dad and eating freshly caught fish that has been fried over a ______ seems like the heaven to a couple of 10-year-old boys.
One day, Dad drove us to Cottonwood Stream. An hour after we got there, he ______ some fish. He suggested that we take them back to our camp, ______ we stayed to watch Dad skillfully cast his ______ another time. We sat quietly until Dad’s fishing pole ______ and he began winding the line on. Knowing this could be a very ______ fish, we jumped up and down and ______ for Dad to catch that fish. When he did, Dad’s wide smile lit up his face like the sun. He ______ the hook, but an unexpected thing happened. The huge fish slipped out of Dad’s hands and jumped back into the stream!
We thought Dad would ______ , but he didn’t. Although the sun was dropping ______ the mountains, my father sat down again and waited ______ . At last, the big fish took the bait once more. However, it slipped back into the ______ again as Dad tried to remove the hook. This time, Dad jumped into the stream, ______ for that fish again and again and ______ caught it, wrapping it in his shirt and walking back to the ______ . Both my brother and I shouted wildly, cheering for his success.
What Dad did that day taught me a good lesson. I learn that we should never give up if we want to ______ something.
1.A. singing B. smoking C. playing D. breathing
2.A. skeptical B. private C. pleasant D. unbearable
3.A. deep B. cool C. hot D. dirty
4.A. stars B. trees C. ceilings D. rocks
5.A. lighter B. match C. campfire D. fence
6.A. caught B. cooked C. killed D. bought
7.A. and B. so C. or D. but
8.A. ball B. line C. bottle D. shadow
9.A. bent B. broke C. arose D. appeared
10.A. big B. ugly C. delicious D. strange
11.A. sent B. ran C. shouted D. looked
12.A. discovered B. removed C. improved D. checked
13.A. keep up B. take off C. give up D. show off
14.A. around B. above C. in D. behind
15.A. sadly B. worriedly C. patiently D. angrily
16.A. ocean B. stream C. lake D. sea
17.A. dived B. rushed C. waited D. prepared
18.A. obviously B. gradually C. constantly D. finally
19.A. pond B. water C. beach D. camp
20.A. exchange B. achieve C. submit D. adopt
For each working person, the rarest resource is your daily time. You may feel like that you do not have enough hours in the day, only endless things to do. Of course, some of these things are not part of your job, such as other colleagues asking for your help or bosses making new demands.
How can we reasonably refuse them?
1. Just by doing the following three steps, you can usually make yourself and the other person comfortable while refusing them.
◆ Listen patiently to others’ requests
It’s not simply hearing what the other person is saying. You have to stop what you’re doing and carefully listen to what they say. 2. The point is to let the other person see that you are willing to help, and let them understand that you’ve already known their needs. In this way, even if you eventually refuse them, they’ll understand that you are not available, instead of not willing to help.
◆ 3.
When we listen, we all hope that other people will come to a conclusion quickly. But when we speak, we instinctively（本能地）start from the beginning of the story. In fact, this way of speaking is not good for communication. So if you want to refuse somebody, just tell them No, and then explain the reasons why.
◆ Provide an alternative solution
Maybe you really don’t have the time to listen to the other person’s request. In situations like this, don’t just tell the other person that you don’t have the time. 4. For example, you may say, “Sorry, I really don’t have the time right now. Is it OK if we talk tomorrow morning?” In this way, although you refuse him, he still can feel your support.
In conclusion, refusal is unavoidable, but you can choose the way to refuse. An inappropriate refusal may cause great harm to your working life.5..
A. Begin with conclusion when refusing.
B. Start from the beginning when refusing.
C. Even if your time is limited, it is best for you to do so.
D. Instead, you should give them a time when you would be available.
E. In addition, this willing-to-help attitude also shows leadership skills.
F. In fact, there has been a mature methodology (科学方法) for this matter since long ago.
G. An artistic refusal, on the other hand, may lead you to some unexpected benefits.
It happens from time to time: you feel terrible when you take your first bite of a certain food, but after eating more, you find yourself enjoying it. This is what is called an acquired taste. But why do our tastes change?
The answer, according to a recent study presented at an American Chemical Society meeting in Boston, lies in proteins in our saliva (唾液).
Most of us tend to think saliva, almost entirely made up of water, is “only a mouth lubricant (润滑剂) helping us to swallow food,” the New York Times said. However, it also contains many proteins, which can help break food down, protect our teeth and help in tasting food.
To explain how these proteins affect taste, a team of scientists from Purdue University in the US invited 64 volunteers to drink a bitter-tasting chocolate milk three times a day for six weeks and rated their tastes at the same time.
According to the research, the participants found a strong bitterness on the first day, but the unpleasant flavor came to decrease as time went on and finally disappeared.
That is not all that was changing. A noticeable increase in the levels of proline-rich (富含脯氨酸的) proteins was found in the saliva samples of the test subjects in the research period. These proteins serve to reduce the bitterness we taste and improve our adaptation to this flavor.
“We think the body adapts to reduce the negative feeling of these bitter compounds,” said Cordelia Running, a food scientist at Purdue University. “Saliva changes flavor, which in turn changes eating choices.”
This change in taste not only makes the food tastier, but also helps people keep an appetite for healthy food whose flavor might otherwise keep them away.
One day, these proteins may even be extracted (提炼) and used as a separate food additive that could help people stick to healthy food whose flavor they continue to dislike, researchers told Science Alert. And according to Running, even it doesn’t happen, the idea that “maybe some little piece of your body is actually trying to help you” could really benefit some people. Let’s wait and see.
1.What does the underlined phrase “an acquired taste” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The appetite for healthy food.
B. A mouth lubricant helping to swallow the food.
C. Something that tastes very delicious at first bite.
D. A preference that is only formed after great repetitions.
2.What contributes to the changes of our taste?
A. Our negative feelings of food. B. Our adaptation to this flavor.
C. The proteins in our saliva. D. The flavor of the food.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A. Saliva consists of many proteins besides water.
B. The unpleasant flavor will increase with time going on.
C. A separate food additive has been extracted from the proteins.
D. Proteins have nothing to do with the changes of our taste.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. There will be bitter candy in the future.
B. You can change the flavor as you like in the future.
C. The researches will go on studying these proteins.
D. It won’t be long before we can make unhealthy food healthy.
It was a shock and a painful lesson for many people when the police announced the cause of a bus accident in Chongqing on Oct 28. Video footage (片段) from inside the bus suggested that after a passenger missed her stop and asked the driver to stop, but he refused. She began hitting him over the head with her cell phone. During the conflict, the driver lost control of the bus and it jumped into the Yangtze River, causing 15 deaths.
Zheng Chuankai, a lawyer in Beijing, said the accident showed that it was important that those who cause danger to public safety face severe punishment. Such attacks are inhuman but common. In fact, it is not rare to hear of passengers attacking bus drivers in China. This month, a local court in Shenyang, Liaoning province, sentenced three people to up to three years in prison for endangering public safety by distracting bus drivers, Xinhua reported. “Passengers who interfere (妨碍) with bus drivers are endangering public safety, which is equal to serious crimes like arson (纵火) and poisoning.” Liu Changsong，a Beijing lawyer, told the Global Times.
To prevent similar cases from happening, many Chinese cities have taken measures to keep bus drivers safe. Dozens of cities including Beijing, Xi’an, Wuhan, Changsha and Nanning have plans to add safety fences to buses to protect drivers from any interference by passengers.
The bus operator in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, has invited psychologists to teach drivers how to manage their emotions when facing an angry passenger. These measures are necessary, but they are not enough.
“Public security is closely connected with social morality (道德). People should obey the law, be more self-disciplined and sensible.”
Many countries have introduced measures to deal with the problem of violence against bus drivers. On every bus in the US state of New Jersey, a sign on the back of the driver’s seat warns passengers that anyone attacking a driver can be fined or put into prison.
In London, the local government has launched a program to train drivers to deal with angry passengers and avoid potential conflicts.
1.How did the police find out the cause of the accident?
A. From the witnesses to the accident. B. From the recorded video in the bus.
C. From the survivals of the accident. D. From the police’s reasoning.
2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Interfering public safety is a serious crime.
B. Being a bus driver is a dangerous job.
C. Arson and poisoning are very common in the society.
D. It’s important to know how to protect a bus driver.
3.What’s the author’s attitude towards training drivers to avoid conflicts with passengers?
A. Supportive. B. Doubtful.
C. Opposed. D. Uncaring.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Terrible Traffic Accident.
B. A Bus Jumping into the Yangtze River.
C. Keeping Away from the Dangerous Bus.
D. Attack on Bus Driver Brings Safety Review.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is an important ecological screen for the north of China and even the whole country. Building a green great wall to ensure China’s ecological security is one of the most important things of autonomous region.
The largest ecological function zone in the north of China, Inner Mongolia has a variety of landscapes, including forests, grasslands, wetlands, rivers and lakes. In recent years, the region’s environment has improved, with its forest and grassland area having increased and desert reduced.
However, it still faces a number of challenges in ecological preservation. For instance, the region faces severe water shortages with the number of lakes dropping from 427 in 1987 to 145 in 2010. In addition to a lack of rainfall, huge water consumption in agricultural and industrial production has worsened the water shortage. Too much use of fertilizers has damaged the soil and affected the growth of grass, accelerating the expansion of the desert, which results from a lack of water.
The local government encourages planting trees on grassland as they can get more pay for trees than by growing grass. However, the trees they plant often have a low survival rate as they have a high water consumption rate. Also, to treat wetlands, some areas have planted a large number of a single tree species. This practice may damage biodiversity (生物多样性) and endanger the survival of certain animals.
Experts suggest taking the region’s water resources and weather conditions into consideration in future ecological projects.
1.What do we know about the green great wall in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region?
A. It adds the beautiful scenery to this area.
B. It acts as a guard to protect the north of China.
C. It works well in saving the endangered animals.
D. It contributes to the decrease of the grassland.
2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The causes of water shortages. B. The protection of ecological environment.
C. The solutions to water shortages. D. The importance of ecological environment.
3.What does the underlined word “accelerating” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. weakening B. shortening
C. lessening D. quickening
4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To tell the function of the green great wall.
B. To introduce the green great wall to the readers.
C. To provide guidance on traveling around Inner Mongolia.
D. To offer some advice on building the green great wall.
