Question

What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV 1. the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who 2.(report) the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.

When people use words and 3.(expression) different from the “standard language”, it is 4.(call) a dialect. American English5.(have) many dialects, especially the Midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts6. the USA, two people from neighboring towns speak a little 7.(different). American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in 8. (make) dialects. Some people 9.live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects with 10.(they).

Answer

1. and

2. reported

3. expressions

4. called

5. has

6. of

7. differently

8. making

9. who

10. them

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述根本没有所谓的标准英语，实际上英语有很多不同的方言，文章说明了英语方言产生的原因。

1.考查连词。句意：很多人认为电视和广播里讲的英语就是标准英语。根据句意可知TV和the radio构成并列关系，所以要填表示并列关系的连词and。

2.考查时态。句意：这是因为在早些时候，那些播报新闻的人被认为英语讲得很好。本句的时间状语是in the early days，表示过去时间，本句要用过去时，所以要填过去式reported。

3.考查名词单复数。句意：当人们使用了和标准英语不一样的单词和短语的时候，就被称为方言。句中words和expressions构成并列关系，都要使用复数形式，所以要填复数形式expressions。

4.考查语态。句意：当人们使用了和标准英语不一样的单词和短语的时候，就被称为方言。句中主语it单词动词call构成被动关系，要用被动语态，所以要填过去分词called。

5.考查主谓一致。句意：美国英语有很多方言，尤其是中西部、南部、非裔和西班牙方言等。主语American English是单数名词，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式与之一致，所以要填has。

6.考查介词。句意：甚至在美国的一些地方，来自临近乡镇的两个人讲话都有点不同。介词of表示从属关系，句中指“在美国的一些地方”，所以要填介词of。

7.考查副词。句意：甚至在美国的一些地方，来自临近乡镇的两个人讲话都有点不同。在英语中通常使用副词做状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子；用形容词修饰名词代词等，本句使用副词differently做状语修饰动词speak。所以要填differently。

8.考查动名词。句意：地理在产生方言方面也会起一定的作用。动词短语play a part in意为“在…中起作用”，其中in是介词，后面要接动名词做宾语，所以要填making。

9.考查定语从句。句意：一些居住在美国东部山区的人讲话带有老式的英国方言。本句定语从句的先行词是some people，关系代词who指代先行词，在定语从句中做主语，所以要填who。

10.考查代词。句意：当美国人从一个地方搬到另外一个地方的时候，他们会带着自己的方言。在英语里介词的后面要接宾语，句中要用they的宾格做宾语。所以要填them。