Question

If you find yourself hitting the snooze button(闹钟延时按钮) every morning, don't blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.

Research now shows that, for many of us, our work schedules don't go with our natural body clocks—and experts are urging employers to take notice. Sleep is a “strategic resource” that most companies are ignoring. When work schedules are aligned with people's natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more innovative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier. The opposite is also true—when employees are not getting enough sleep they are more likely to make major mistakes and suffer from workplace injuries.

But it's not just about the amount of sleep you get. It's important that people recognize every living thing, from primitive bacteria to human beings, has a biologically determined internal body clock. This determines whether you are a night owl(夜猫子), an early bird or somewhere in the middle. We don't have any choice. “It's like feet，” said Till Roenneberg, a professor of chronobiology(生物钟学). “Some people are born with big feet and some with small feet, but most people are somewhere in the middle.”

Many companies start the workday at 8 a.m. or 9 a.m., putting their work schedules in disagreement with their employees' body clock. This mismatch, along with the pressure to be productive and be available to respond to email or take calls at all hours of the day and night, means that many people suffer from what is called “social jet lag” .

1.The underlined word “aligned” in Paragraph 2 means “________”.

A. matched    B. cooperated

C. conflicted    D. shortened

2.What does Till Roenneberg' s remark mean?

A. The amount of sleep you get counts much.

B. An early bird does better than a night owl.

C. We are born to have a body clock.

D. Most people have neither too big nor too small feet.

3.If people suffer from “social jet lag”， they will ________.

A. not be as clever as other people

B. fail to finish their daily tasks

C. fail to adjust their body clock

D. act as if they were in the wrong time zone

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Body clock and good work habits

B. Late for work? Maybe not your fault

C. How to improve your work efficiency

D. Urgent need to change your body clock

Answer

1. A

2. C

3. D

4. B

【解析】

文章是一篇说明文，早晨人们总是无法起床，这是因为你的生物钟和工作时间产生了不一致，当二者一致的时候有利于工作生活，不一致的时候就会带来很多问题。

1.猜测词义题。根据本句“When work schedules are aligned with people's natural sleep patterns, they produce higher quality and more innovative work because they are more focused, less stressed and generally healthier.”中后半句叙述可知人们生产效率高也很有创新精神，更加专注，不压抑，也更健康了。只有工作安排和自然的睡眠模式一致的时候才会产生积极的影响，故“aligned”意为“相配”，故A项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“It's like feet，” said Till Roenneberg, a professor of chronobiology(生物钟学). “Some people are born with big feet and some with small feet, but most people are somewhere in the middle.”可知这位生物钟教授认为人的生物钟和人的脚一样的，都是生来就拥有的。故C项正确。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一句“This mismatch, along with the pressure to be productive and be available to respond to email or take calls at all hours of the day and night, means that many people suffer from what is called “social jet lag” .”可知当工作时间与人们的生物钟不一致的时候，人们的工作就会出现很多错误，这就是所谓的“假后返工时差”，好像人们处于错误的时区之内。故D项正确。

4.主旨大意题。文章是一篇说明文，早晨人们总是无法起床，这是因为你的生物钟和工作时间产生了不一致，文章详细叙述了这一问题。根据第一段“If you find yourself hitting the snooze button(闹钟延时按钮) every morning, don't blame yourself. Your work schedule could be to blame.”可知A项可以作为标题，而且问句可以引起读者的注意。文章并没有提到习惯和改变生物钟的内容，工作效率并非主要内容，故B项正确。