Question

    Every new person added to the planet needs food, water, clothes, and so on.1. Those things require extra natural resources，including land and water. But Earth’s riches are limited. Less than 1 percent of Earths water can be used for drinking and washing. One out of every thirteen people around the world does not always have enough clean water. 2..Too many people are using too much water, especially in the already dry areas of the southwestern United States.

Food shortages(不足)are even more common. Worldwide, one out of every seven people does not get enough to eat. 3.. Over time, the soil loses its nutrients (营养）and the farmland becomes useless for growing food. As the world becomes more crowded (拥挤的）， more land is needed to make way for growing cities.4.. That’s a problem because trees help take in a gas called carbon dioxide. Humans produce carbon dioxide by burning coal and oil. Fewer trees mean more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The buildup of carbon dioxide traps heat and pollution above Earth.

5., although every person uses the planet's resources. The richest billion people, Americans especially, use the most resources. They also produce the most waste.

A.Forests are cleared away

B.Some people use a lot more than others

C.Water shortages have hit many parts of the world

D.Water pollution is a serious problem in some areas

E.More trees should be planted to handle air pollution

F.Huge needs for food force farmers to overuse their land

G.More people mean more cars, roads, schools, hospitals, and stores

Answer

1.G

2.C

3.F

4.A

5.B

【解析】

本文为议论文。主要论述了世界上由于人口的增加，对自然资源的需求也增加，导致粮食短缺在世界非常普遍。

1.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“每个新出生的人都需要食物、水、衣服等等”以及下句“这些东西需要额外的自然资源，包括土地和水”。分析选项，可知“与需要自然资源，包括土地和水”有关的选项是G项（更多的人意味着更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店）。更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店意味着需要更多的自然资源，包括土地和水。因此G项与本空格内容一致。故选G。

2.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“世界上每十三个人中就有一个人并不总是有足够的干净的水用”以及空格的下句“太多的人正在使用太多的水，特别是在美国西南部已经干旱的地区。”可知，水资源非常短缺会影响到世界许多地方，尤其是干旱地区。分析选项可知C项（水资源短缺已经影响到世界许多地方）与此意义一致，故选C。

3.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空所在的第二段的第一句是中心句“Food shortages(不足)are even more common”。分析选项可知F项与本段有词的复现“Food”，与粮食需要有关。以及空前的“Worldwide, one out of every seven people does not get enough to eat.”可知，粮食短缺，有许多人吃不饱。因此农民过度使用土地以增加对粮食的需求。分析选项可知F项（对粮食的巨大需求迫使农民过度使用土地）符合题意，故选F项。

4.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“That’s a problem because trees help take in a gas called carbon dioxide…Fewer trees mean more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.”可知，森林减少了，吸收的二氧化碳就少了。分析选项可知A项（森林被清除了）符合题意，故选A 。

5.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“although every person uses the planet's resources. The richest billion people, Americans especially,” 尽管每个人都使用地球的资源，但最富有的人尤其是美国人用的最多。可知，世界上有些人比其他人用的更多。分析选项可知B项（有些人比其他人使用更多）符合题意，故选B。