You've probably heard the phrase "go outside and get some fresh air" before． Breathing fresh air can make us feel more energetic．1.．
According to a new study from the World Health Organization （WHO）， nine out of every 10 people on the planet breathe polluted air every day．
Polluted air can get deep inside your lungs when you breathe， causing diseases like lung cancer and heart disease． Around 7 million people die every year from breathing polluted air．2.， mainly in Asia and Africa． Among the world's 20 most polluted cities， 14 are in India．
Some of the biggest sources of air pollution include factories and vehicles． In some regions， sand and desert dust， as well as the burning of waste， also cause air pollution．
3.． More than 40 percent of the world's population is still using woodstoves （木柴炉） or open fires to make meals and heat their homes． This creates harmful particles （颗粒） and gases indoors．
4.． India has provided 37 million poor people with free liquified Petroleum gas （液化石油气）， while Mexico City has created cleaner vehicle standards．
Maria Neira， the WHO's head of public health， said China has set a good example to the world in improving air quality． "5.，" she said．
A． More than 90 percent of these deaths happen in low-income and middle-income countries
B． Although this problem is serious， the good news is that countries are taking action to fight it
C．Another large source of air pollution can be found in some people's homes
D． However， not everyone in the world has the chance to enjoy it
E． Air pollution is a serious problem around the world
F． There is a big step at the government level in China declaring war on air pollution
G． People who work outdoors are more directly harmed by air pollution
One day your pocket might power your smartphone． Soon you may never have to worry about your smartphone running out of juice． Your clothing will simply power it back up for you． That's the word from scientists at China's Chongqing and Jinan Universities in a study just published in the journal ACS Nano．
Researchers have been hard at work during the last few years trying to create wearable energy， or clothes that can charge things． The assumption is simple． People today rely heavily upon devices such as smartphones and tablets． And they're looking for ways to recharge these devices on the go． So if you could design clothing fabric that could make use of solar power -one of the most widely available and inexhaustible renewable energy sources - you'd be able to charge your various devices with ease．
Scientists have had some past success creating energy-harvesting fibers． But there was always one problem when they tried to fashion these threads into self-powered smart clothes： The fibers they designed got damaged during the clothing manufacturing process， namely during the weaving and cutting． The Chongqing and Jinan University scientists say they've solved this problem because the energy-collecting and energy-storing threads they created are highly flexible - each individual thread is easily bendable， and not simply the fabric as a whole．
The team's sample textile can be fully charged to 1.2 volts in 17 seconds by exposure to sunlight - enough voltage that your future smart T-shirt or smart dress might be able to power small electronics． It's durable， too； their research showed there was no descent in the fabric after 60 days． But don't worry that this means the fabric is similar to rough cloth． The scientists note their textile can be fashioned into numerous different patterns， and tailored into any designed shape， without affecting performance．
1.What does the underlined phrase "running out of juice" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Being lacking in energy． B. Wanting to have some juice．
C. Being picked out of a drink． D. Having some water running out．
2.Why could smart dress charge a phone？ ______
A. A solar cell is attached to the dress．
B. The fabric of the textile contains current．
C. The fabric of the textile is easily bendable．
D. The fabric of the textile could collect and store the solar energy．
3.What is the scientists' attitude towards the scientific technology？ ______
A. Optimistic． B. Pessimistic．
C. Neutral． D. Doubtful．
4.This passage is written to ______ ．
A. persuade readers to buy new clothes
B. inform readers of the ways to use their devices
C. introduce new wearable energy to readers
D. remind readers to wear smart clothes
Did you know that people who live in different parts of China have different habits and preferences？
For example， people from southern China prefer to eat vegetables， while people from north China like to eat meat． But what causes these differences？
According to a new study published in the journal Cell in October， gene variations （基因变异） might be responsible for these differences， Xinhua reported．
In the study， researchers from Chinese genome-sequencing （基因组测序） firm BGI collected genetic information from 141，431 Chinese women． The women came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups．
The researchers found that there are six gene frequencies that are different among people from both northern and southern China． They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have evolved， affecting their food preferences， immunities （免疫性） to illness and physical traits （特点）， the New York Times reported．
The researchers reported that a variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people than it is in southern people． It helps people metabolize （新陈代谢） fatty acids （脂肪酸）， which suggests a diet that is rich in meat． According to Xinhua， this is due to climate differences． Northern China is at a higher latitude， which means it's cold and dry throughout the whole year． This weather is difficult to grow vegetables in． Therefore， northerners tend to eat more meat．
The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups． Most people in southern China carry the gene CR1， which protects against malaria （疟疾）． This is because malaria was once quite common in southern China． In order to survive， the genes of people in the south evolved to fight against this disease． However， people in the south are also more vulnerable to certain blood-borne illnesses， as they lack the genes to stop them．
Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners． Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene， which causes dry earwax （耳屎）， less body odor and fewer sweat secretions （分泌）， The New York Times reported． These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments． Southerners are less likely to have this gene， as it did not evolve in their population．
1.What's the new study mainly about？ ______
A. The genes of Chinese minority groups．
B. Habits of people from different regions of China．
C. Differences in the genes of people from different parts of China．
D. Physical differences between northerners and southerners．
2.A variation of the gene FADS2can help our body ______ ．
A. store fat B. digest meat
C. fight disease D. control body temperature
3.The underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ______ ．
A. unprotected B. uninterested
C. generous D. responsible
4.Compared with people in south China， most northerners ______ ．
a．are immune to malaria
b．catch blood-borne illnesses easily
c．have less body odor
d．sweat less frequently
A. ab B. bc
C. bd D. cd
When a special occasion arrives， a colorful gift bag or a box often finds its way to a doorstep， an office desk or a mailbox． But once in a while， a present arrives at an unexpected moment as a reminder that someone is thinking about us．
Wanda Anderson of Richland， US， remembers such a gift． The rosebushes were finally in full bloom on that day in spring． Seeing roses always brings to mind Wanda's childhood memories． To this young girl， those flowers were a luxury． "We never had money to buy extra things， so even a tired rose was something to cherish，" Wanda said．
Nowadays， to have a backyard filled with many different roses is pure enjoyment． Wanda especially loves the very first blooms． Her husband， Dale， devotedly tends the roses and knows this little fact about his wife． So， on this particular morning， he picked the very first flowers of spring， fresh from the garden． But as Dale came back into the house， he was met by a neighbor who had stopped in for a quick visit． As the woman turned to go， Dale graciously （有风度地） handed the roses to her． And even though their visitor insisted she didn't want to take them， she was repeatedly convinced that the flowers were hers to keep． "I told her I was happy for her to have the roses， but I really wasn't，" Wanda said， recalling the emotions she was feeling right then．
Seeing her very precious first blooms go out of the door filled her with regret， and a bit of selfishness． Throughout the rest of the morning， Wanda argued with herself， knowing logically it was "better to give than to receive．" Nevertheless， she wished she could have kept the roses for herself．
Later that day， the couple headed to the post office， where Wanda waited outside in the car． Then， without warning， an older woman suddenly appeared at the car's open window， with a bunch of multicolored roses in her arms． "These are for you，" she said， giving the flowers to Wanda． "They're my first blooms this spring．" Totally surprised and overwhelmed （不知所措的）， Wanda thanked the woman and bent for a moment to inhale （吸入） the roses' rich fragrance． When she looked back， the mysterious visitor was gone．
To this day， that "special delivery" changed Wanda． Now， her very first blooms always go to someone else， as a reminder that someone is thinking of them．
1.Why does Wanda love roses so much？ ______
A. She thinks that they stand for pure love．
B. She was given them often as a child．
C. Her husband always sends her roses．
D. She couldn't afford them when she was young．
2.How did Wanda feel after the neighbor left？ ______
A. Worried． B. Upset．
C. Satisfied． D. Relieved．
3.What changed Wanda's opinion of giving gifts？ ______
A. The flowers her husband bought her．
B. The gifts her neighbor gave back to her．
C. The roses she received from a stranger．
D. A mysterious delivery she got from the post office．
4.Why does Wanda always give away her roses to others now？ ______
A. To show off her beautiful flowers．
B. To prove that she isn't selfish．
C. To surprise people she loves．
D. To show that she's thinking of them．
Writing Contests， Grants & Awards in 2019 The Writing Contests， Grants （补助金） & Awards database includes details about the creative writing contests-including poetry contests， short story competitions， essay contests， awards for novels， and more-that we've published in "Poets & Writers Magazine" during the past year． We carefully review the practices and policies of each contest before including it． Use the online submission system．
Catherine Doctorow Innovative Fiction Prize
A prize of ﹩15，000 is given annually for a novel， or a story collection． U．S． writers who have published at least three books of fiction are qualified． Submit a manuscript （手稿） of any length， a brief biography， and a list of three previously published books of fiction with a ﹩25 entry fee by November 1， 2019．
University of Alabama Press， P．O． Box 870380， Tuscaloosa， AL 35487．（ 773）702-7000．
Walt Whitman Award
A prize of ﹩5，000 is given annually for a poetry collection by a poet who has not published a book of poems in a standard edition． The winning book will also be distributed to 5，000 members of the Academy of American Poets． Submit a manuscript of 48 to 100 pages with a ﹩35 entry fee by November 1， 2019．
Academy of American Poets， 75 Maiden Lane， Suite 901， NewYork， NY10038．（ 212）274-0343．
Gabriele Rico Challenge in Creative Essay
A prize of ﹩1，333 is given annually for an essay． Using the online submission system， submit an essay of up to 5，000 words with a﹩20 entry fee， by November 1， 2019． All entries are considered for publication． Visit the website for complete guidelines．
San Jose State University， English Department， One Washington Square， San Jose， CA95192．（ 408）924-4425．
Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize
A prize of ﹩500 is given annually for a work of nonfiction that is set in Brooklyn， NewYork， and expresses the region's "rich soul and intangible （无形的） qualities through the writer's actual experiences of Brooklyn．" Submit an essay of up to 2，500 words by November 15， 2019． There is no entry fee．
Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize， P．O． Box 491， New York， NY10156．（ 207）778-7071．
1.Who has the qualification to attend the contest for the prize of﹩15，000？ ______
A. Whoever has written 3 novel books．
B. Whoever has published at least 3 books．
C. U．S． authors who've published 3 novel books．
D. U．S． writers who've written 3 poetry collections．
2.What will happen to your manuscript if you win Walt Whitman Award？ ______
A. It will be published as a book of poems．
B. It will be read by all the academy members．
C. It will be distributed to whoever likes poems．
D. It will become a book that will sell well．
3.Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize is different from the other three writing contests in that ______ ．
A. the work must be a writer's real experiences
B. its entry fee is higher
C. it has a deadline earlier than them
D. the winners have no prize money
假定你是李华，就读于某寄宿中学，常和父母用英语交流。寒假临近，你的父母计划全家一起旅游，来信征求你的意见。你给父母写封邮件说明你的建议。内容包括：
1. 出行时间； 2. 出行地点； 3. 你的期望。
注意：1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dearest dad and mum,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Lihua
