阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
They had been on 1. (we)planets for millions of years，but 2018 was the year several species 2. (official)died off for ever.Three bird species went extinct this year，two of 3.are songbirds from northeastern Brazil.A 4. (disturb)trend is that mainland species are starting to go extinct，rather than island species.
The species 5. (wipe)out in the wild resulted from many factors such as the creation of dam and trapping 6. trade.Beyond birds，other animals such as the vaquita and the northern white rhino 7. (be)near the end.We are currently experiencing the worst species die—offs since the 8. (1ose)of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
Although extinction is a 9. (nature)phenomenon，it occurs at a rate of about one to five species per year.Scientists estimate we’re now losing species at 1，000 to 10，000 times the rate.In the past 500 years，about 1，000 species 10. (go)extinct.
After 21 years of marriage，Bill Henrichs and Mary Ziegler concluded that they were no longer a good match.The couple politely divorced in 1995 and went their ____ ways，but they continued to see each other when meeting their _____at their school and sporting events.In February 2018，____ ，she and Henrichs learned they were a match in a different way.
Henrichs’s kidneys(肾)were ____，and he was in need of a ___.After nearly 40 family members and friends were tested as possible ____ ，the result surprised all—only one person ___ to be a perfect match—Ziegler.
So on Oct.16.more than four decades after they said“I do，”she and Henrichs，62 ，were _____into an operating room.and one of Ziegler’s healthy kidneys was ____ and given to her ex-husband.The surgery went well，and the transplant is ____ well and continuing to improve as Mr.Henrichs ____ from the surgery.Henrichs was beyond grateful for his ex-wife’s sympathy and ___ ，but he was also worried in the hours before the __ .
Just three weeks after the transplant，she was back to work and doing yoga—a quick turnaround considering that the ____ kidney donor needs a healing period of six to eight ___.“This entire experience has brought us all ____.”She and Henrichs hope that by sharing their story，other ____ will realize that divorce is not always a reason to _____ties.
“Divorce is divorce.but there’s no reason to ____ ，”Henrichs said.“There are lots of reasons why it’s ____ to get along.”He pauses and laughs.“Someday，you just might need a kidney.”
1.A. separate B. peaceful C. opposite D. favorite
2.A. parents B. colleagues C. kids D. neighbors
3.A. moreover B. though C. therefore D. besides
4.A. failing B. decreasing C. dying D. fading
5.A. doctor B. supporter C. transplant D. receiver
6.A. advocates B. donors C. volunteers D. fellows
7.A. set out B. tried out C. rushed out D. turned out
8.A. wheeled B. called C. 1ed D. dragged
9.A. carried B. changed C. selected D. removed
10.A. reacting B. functioning C. beating D. 1iving
11.A. refreshes B. returns C. remains D. recovers
12.A. enthusiasm B. generosity C. optimism D. honesty
13.A. marriage B. departure C. surgery D. decision
14.A. routine B. kind C. uncommon D. average
15.A. treatments B. times C. weeks D. operations
16.A. closer B. farther C. deeper D. healthier
17.A. friends B. schoolmates C. families D. children
18.A. cut down B. put off C. put down D. cut off
19.A. disturb B. quarrel C. regret D. cry
20.A. important B. optional C. easy D. tough
When you have got a lot of stuff，decluttering(整理)your home can be really necessary.Decluttering is just about putting new systems into place in your life.1. ，you realize how great you feel about it，and you want to keep going.
Getting rid of things gives you time to look after yourself.2. ，or looking for the potato peeler—because everything has a home and you know exactly where it is—you’re free to spend that time on yourself and your family.It’s liberating.
3..It has taken you a long time to get everything，and you won’t be able to get rid of it all straight away.If you’re pushed for time，there are easy ways of introducing decluttering into your life.Spend 10 minutes a day decluttering or，if that’s not manageable，declutter three items a week.
Have three piles:one for things you’re going to keep，one for things that are a maybe，and one for things you’re going to give away.You will also need some bin bags，for rubbish.A revisiting pile is important if you’re struggling to get rid of things.4..More often than not，you end up saying，actually，I don’t need that.
Stay focused.People often get sidetracked when they’re trying to declutter.They start trying on clothes they had forgotten about，or looking at old photos.Another common mistake is to just move things from place to place，instead of getting rid of them.5. .
A.Once you start decluttering
B.You need time to reflect on what to keep
C.Don’t expect to declutter everything overnight
D.When you’re not always looking for the scissors
E.If you realise that you own six wine openers，keep only one
F.Start the decluttering process before you move in with a new partner
G.You can just leave things there for a few weeks before a final decision
If American waterways had ever been voted on the yearbook，the Buffalo River could easily have been named Ugliest.It could be hard to find hope there.It took decades for public perception of the river to shift.But activist citizens，who collaborated with industry，government，and environ-ment~groups.never gave up on their polluted river—the Buffalo River gradually went from being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighring for.And by now the cleaned—up water is one of Buffalo’S biggest attractions.
By the 1960s，the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes.The Buffalo River had caught fire many times.The surface had an oily layer，and any fish caught there were not eatable.
The waterway’s fate started shifting in the mid-1960s.Stanley Spisiak was a local Polish—American jeweler by day，but by evening he was the kind of guy who’d chase down dumpers(垃圾车)he spotted on the Buffalo River.By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation’s“Water Conservationist of the Year”award.And before long he got a nickname:“Mr.Buffalo River.”But there was only so much he could do—the river was still declared biologically dead in 1969.
Jill Spisiak Jedlicka is his great-grandniece.She picks up where he left off by directing the river’s protector organization，Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper.Professor Schneekloth and seven friends founded the organization as an all-volunteer nonprofit in 1989，after organizing the first river cleanup that year.Today the group employs 27 full-time workers and has helped oversee the Buffalo River’s $100 million restoration.
So far，the Buffalo River’s water quality has restored，but it is still an ongoing issue，as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms.Habitat restoration continues as well；fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it’s gone.
1.What did the Buffalo River use to be?
A. A waterway on the yearbook. B. A river heavily polluted.
C. A great attraction of Buffalo’s. D. A place worth fighting for.
2.Why was Mr.Spisiak named“Mr.Buffalo River”?
A. Because his fate shifted in the 1 960s.
B. Because he spotted dumpers on the River.
C. Because he spared no efforts to protect the river.
D. Because the river was declared biologically dead.
3.How long did it take for the fiver to restore?
A. More than half a century. B. Just four decades.
C. About 30 years. D. Only 27 years.
4.What can be a suitable title for this text?
A. The restoration of the Buffalo River B. Stanley Spisiak:The“Mr.Buffalo River”
C. The future of the Buffalo River D. River protection:A long way to go
The Spanish sculptor Isaac Cordal sees the city as his playground.He specializes in miniature，a street art often representing a social commentary as a critical observation on capitalism，power and so on.
Cordal first models the sculptures in clay then reproduces them in cement(水泥)about 15cm in height.
“As a material，cement seems very symbolic because it is one of our most recognizable footprints against nature.”he says.“Today we have been too used to cement city habitat.”
For several years he’s been working on the project，Cement Eclipses，referring to the state when a building covers the sun:“It’s a critical reflection on the idea of progress.”
These tiny cement figures have appeared in cities across Europe，found sitting on top of bus shelters or drowning in the grass land of the big city.“The street became a perfect setting in which I could find enough landscapes for them.Due to their small size and color，they go really well into the urban environment.They even normally go unseen by passersby.I’m very interested in that moment of surprise when someone accidentally discovers them.”he says.
“Nowadays there is a fear of not being seen in the public area，so everything is always big and bold.We become a product of this and do not focus in as much.I think it is good to pay attention to small details.My work is a reward for those who do and it allows us to understand and change the world we have created in a different angle.”Cordal says.
1.Which of the following best explains“miniature”Underlined in paragraph 1 ?
A. Tiny sculpture. B. Small playground.
C. Social comments. D. Critical observation.
2.What’s Cordal’s attitude toward cement city habitat?
A. Indifferent. B. Critical.
C. Neutral. D. Supportive.
3.What does Cordal intend to tell us in the last paragraph?
A. Everything big in public is attractive.
B. Being small may be a fear in public.
C. We need to focus on the details of the products.
D. His work helps us to see the world differently.
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Cordal and his street art. B. Ways to be a sculptor.
C. Materials used for sculptures. D. Reflections on city progress.
An“adulting conference” (AC)this week allowed Kentucky high school seniors the chance to learn how to change a tire，how to cook and other basic life skills—things that they may not have learned at home or in classes.A series of photos posted by Bullitt Central High School on social media shows students taking“adulting conference”are learning about personal finances，resumes and other essential skills at the event，which has been widely reported on the local and national news outlets.
“I saw a Facebook post that parents passed around saying they needed a class in high school on taxes and cooking，”AC organizer Hardin told Louisville’s WAVE 3 News.Those skills are taught at school theoretically，she said，but the event gave students a chance to fill in gaps in their knowledge.
Students could choose to attend three workshops out of 11 total options，the school says.The workshops were held in cooperation with numerous community partners.
Some young people have left home and graduated school without having those gaps filled，according to a report this week from CBS New York，which documented a trend of young people seeking outclasses to learn basic life skills.
While attending a cooking class，29-year-old Elena Toumaras told the station she’s struggling with“simple things.”
“I was so used to，when living at home，my mom always cooking，”she told the station.
An“Adulting School”in Portland，Maine，aims to use a new online format to teach the youths skills like conflict resolution，sewing and appreciation for all，the station says.
Students’financial literacy has been of particular concern to some experts，as financial education in schools has stagnated(停滞)in the U.S.，with only 17 states requiring students to take classes in personal finance—a number that hasn’t risen in years.
“The majority of U.S.states are failing our students by declining to offer these fundamental courses which are critical to their financial stability and security later in life.And this will be changed.”Nan J.Morrison，president and CEO of the Council for Economic Education，told CNBC.
1.What do we know about the“adulting conference”?
A. It draws much attention from the media. B. It is not taught at home.
C. It teaches seniors how to be a reporter. D. It is broadcast live to the public.
2.What can we learn from what Christy Hardin said?
A. Only taxes and cooking classes ale demanded.
B. AC helps put what has been learnt into practice.
C. Many parents passed by the AC classroom.
D. The event was organized by.some parents.
3.Why did Elena Toumaras attend a cooking class?
A. To document a trend. B. To struggle with“simple things”.
C. To satisfy her mother. D. To learn basic life skills.
4.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. Expels will be concerned about finance.
B. Fundamental majors won’t be provided in schools.
C. More financial courses will be offered.
D. More states will decline students’courses.
