Question

    For the first time in 10 years，the United States government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start.

For children and teens

The new guidance states that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between the ages of 3 and 5. 1. That could be light activities，moderate activities，or even vigorous(剧烈的)activities.

Doctors say it is important to start young.They add that from birth to age 5，a child’s brain develops more than at any other time in life. 2. Also，children who start exercising at a young age are more likely to establish healthy behaviors they will continue into adulthood.

But that does not mean putting a small kid on a treadmill(跑步机)or other exercise equipment. 3.  After all，it's a kid’s nature to play freely and happily.

4. But it shouldn’t be less than one hour a day three times a week.Their activities should mostly be aerobic(有氧的)exercise，such as biking，swimming or running，which can strengthen the heart and lungs.Such exercise should also include muscle-and-bone-strengthening activities；such as climbing trees or playground equipment and playing sports.

For adults

For adults，the guidelines recommend exercising 150 minutes a week.That could be walking，gardening，dancing，etc.5. Experts say that even short amounts of aerobic exercise can provide health benefits，such as lowering blood pressure，reducing anxiety and improving sleep.

A.Any kind of activity that gets people exercising will do.

B.Aerobic activity works only if it lasts for at least 10 minutes.

C.Simply giving a kid the time and space to play actively is enough.

D.Children above 5 can have a relatively shorter time for daily exercise.

E.Children in this age range require about three hours’active activities daily.

F.Attaining the health benefits from exercise may be harder than earlier thought.

G.These developments have a 1asting effect on a child’s ability to succeed in life.

Answer

1.E

2.G

3.C

4.D

5.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国政府对儿童、年轻人以及成年人锻炼时间新的指导要求。

1.横线前面一句中“the most important time for children to begin exercising is between the ages of 3 and 5.”告诉我们儿童要在3-5岁之间开始锻炼。本句顺接上句说明此年龄段儿童所需要锻炼的具体时长，E项“Children in this age range require about three hours’ active activities daily.”内容与之吻合。故选择E项。

2.横线前面一句“They add that from birth to age 5，a child’s brain develops more than at any other time in life.”告诉我们从出生到5岁之间，儿童的脑部要比其他任何时间发展得更多。而且这段时间的脑部发育对儿童的影响更大，G项“These developments have a 1asting effect on a child’s ability to succeed in life.”内容与上下文吻合。故选择G项。

3.横线前一后“But that does not mean putting a small kid on a treadmill(跑步机)or other exercise equipment.”和后一句“After all，it's a kid’s nature to play freely and happily.”告诉我们不必使用专用设备让孩子锻炼，只需要让孩子自由快乐的玩耍即可。C项“Simply giving a kid the time and space to play actively is enough.”符合上下文语境。故选择C项。

4.横线后一句“But it shouldn’t be less than one hour a day three times a week.”告诉我们这一阶段孩子的锻炼时间不能少于一周三次，每次不能少于一小时。文章2、3段介绍的是5岁的儿童所需要的锻炼时间，本段说明的应该是5岁以上的孩子所需要的锻炼时间。D项“Children above 5 can have a relatively shorter time for daily exercise.”符合上下文语境。故选择D项。

5.本段前面两句“For adults，the guidelines recommend exercising 150 minutes a week. That could be walking，gardening，dancing，etc.”告诉我们对于成年人来说一周锻炼150分钟即可，锻炼可以为散步、园艺跳舞等任何形式，只要动起来即可。A项“Any kind of activity that gets people exercising will do.”符合上下文语境。故选择A项。