How does the woman feel about the old cartoons?
A. They’re exciting.
B. They’re her favorites.
C. They’re only for young children.
请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Many Hands Make Light Work.”为题，用英语写一篇作文。
参考词汇:
wind-blown trees (被风刮倒的树) lift up (扶起来)
你的作文应包括以下内容:
1. 简要描述两幅图的内容；
2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；
3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。
注意:
1. 短文应该包括以上所提供的主要信息,可适当发挥；
2. 词数:150 左右;
3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
Many Hands Make Light Work
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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填 1 个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
The urge to share our lives on social media
People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives. In the 18th and 19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.
These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle (记录) the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.
Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin (血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one’s journal together.
Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces ( 痕 迹 ) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.
Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy ( 亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child’s first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms (再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.
Today’s social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises (补贴) our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.
Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze ( 狂 热 ) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it’s someone’s birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There’s a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.
The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (自恋).
Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
Features of 1.media | ♦ People kept 2.to understand themselves and the world they live in. ♦ Middle-class Englanders, especially white women diarists focused on their families and communities. ♦ It was common for young married women to 3.their diaries with family members or friends. |
4.of media | ♦ We have long used media to partly show 5.we are and what we have experienced in our lives. ♦ Sharing daily life events can make family members 6.to each other. |
Present situation of media | ♦ Today’s social media platforms can be used for 7.. ♦ Private data about us are used as 8.through targeted advertising. ♦ Social media are trying to draw more people in by 9.to their need for communication. |
Conclusion | People are greatly interested in the use of social media for narcissism and social 10.. |
Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying(震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence—the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.
Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, we'll have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelligence among leaders and doctors, we'll have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.
Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖)a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating (把持) others. When you're good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion. the audience was less likely to scrutinize (细察) the message and remembered of the content. Ironically(讽刺的是) audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.
The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler's persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions—he would "ear open his heart—and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would"stop thinking critically and just emote.”
Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own. the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives (动机), emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about their Machiavellian(不择手段的) tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cote's team assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined (逐渐削弱) their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellians with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.
Shining a light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduit's team writes,""The strategic disguise of one's own emotions and the manipulation of others' emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare's stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
Of course, people aren't always using emotional intelligence for nefarious ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder Anita Roddick used emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, "Whenever particular project we always tried to break their hearts we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project we always tried to break their hearts.”
There is growing recognition that emotional intelligence--like any skill--can be used for good or evil. So if we're going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and where it's actually useful.
1.Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?
A. To honor the great leader for his courage.
B. To recommend his speech to other leaders.
C. To impress the readers with a major topic.
D. To advocate a society with fewer problems.
2.Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?
A. Developing the capability to control one's own emotion.
B. Inducing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.
C. Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.
D. Encouraging the moved audience to a more of the speech.
3.What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitler's emotional intelligence?
A. His followers would tear open their hearts to him.
B. His followers would express emotions strategically.
C. His followers would lose the ability to reason properly.
D. His followers would develop the self-serving motives.
4.How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?
A. They disguise their emotions to earn others' trust.
B. They help their colleagues to build up confidence.
C. They present their strategic behaviors on the stage.
D. They lower their own dignity to gain popularity.
5.Which may mean the same as the underlined word in Paragraph 8?
A. Immoral. B. Unimportant.
C. Illegal. D. Uncontrollable.
6.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The benefits of emotional intelligence
B. The ways of disguising one's emotions
C. The reasons for using emotional skills
D. The dark side of emotional intelligence
Cane toads, also known as bufo toads, are yet another invasive (入侵) species that has found a hospitable home in warm southern Florida. Deliberately introduced from South and Central America in the 1930s, they were supposed to control beetles damaging the sugarcane crop— that’s how they got the name “cane toads.”
Cane toads can pose a particular danger because the adult ones shoot toxin ( 毒 素 ) from their back when attacked. The tiny toads don’t carry enough toxin to be deadly yet, but big adult ones can easily send a dog into a seizure ( 疾病发作) or even kill it. The toxin is “very viscous and would stick inside the dog’s mouth,” says Steve Johnson, a wildlife ecologist at the University of Florida. Owners should try to wipe out an affected dog’s mouth and immediately take it to the vet.
Tilford started Toad Busters in 2017. The woman who lived there had nine cats, which she fed by dumping almost a bag of cat food every night. Cane toads normally eat bugs, but they are happy to eat pet food, too.
Cane toads have adapted beautifully to the Florida suburbs, so a lot of Tilford’s work also involves getting people to rethink their suburban backyard. No more cat food, for example. Pet poop (粪便) can also attract insects, which can in turn attract toads. As do lights. And toads love to breed (繁殖) in attractive pools of water, such as the lake in the affected Palm Beach Garden neighborhood. For “these larger communities that want to build these beautiful ponds and want to have houses on ponds,” Tilford said, “this is almost a pest-control service.” The cane toads aren’t going away, but they can be managed like mosquitoes or rats.
Dealing with toads amounts to an annoying thing in Florida, but they can also create more dramatic problems. In Australia—where they were also deliberately introduced in the 1930s to protect sugarcane—they are a genuine scourge (灾祸).
The issue is that Australia has no native toad species, so none of the predators (食肉动物) knew how to avoid the toxic toads. As the cane toads advanced east to west across the continent, “they left a wake of dead animals in their paths,” says Sean Doody, an ecologist at the University of South Florida at St. Petersburg who has studied cane toads in Australia. Turtles, lizards, and crocodiles just started dying out, which was good news for their prey (受害者). “If you were a small species that was previously being eaten, suddenly you’re on a honeymoon,” says Rick Shine, a biologist at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia, who has also studied the impact of cane toads on Australian wildlife.
1.What can cane toads be described as?
A. Invasive species introduced to South America.
B. Natural enemies of beetles damaging sugarcane.
C. Dangerous species making active attacks on dogs.
D. A great threat presented to some wildlife ecologists.
2.Which might be the proper way of avoiding cane toads according to Tilford?
A. Abandon the suburban backyard.
B. Light up the backyard at night.
C. Control the number of large houses.
D. Keep pet food away from backyard.
3.What happened in Australia after cane toads being introduced?
A. Cane toads destroyed some food chains.
B. Most of the predators died of toad toxin.
C. Cane toads bred at a much slower pace.
D. Big species learned to avoid cane toads.
Men don't go through pregnancy or childbirth. Their hormone (荷尔蒙) levels don't nosedive. What exactly have they got to be depressed about? Quite a lot, according to research from Sweden showing that, over the past 10 years, a significant number of men have struggled with the transition(过渡) to fatherhood.
This latest research tries to quantify just how many men get postnatal(产后)depression. Previous studies have found between 4% and 10% of men. while, in this smallish sample of 447 Swedish fathers who volunteered (and may therefore not represent your average dad), a surprising 28% of men had symptoms that scored above mild levels of depression. Overall, 4% had moderate depression. Fewer than one in five fathers who were depressed sought help, even though a third of those had thought about harming themselves. While women in the UK are often asked a series of questions that screen for postnatal depression (which affects up to 13% of women), the mental health of fathers is rarely assessed.
The lead author of the Swedish paper, Elisa Psouni, from the department of psychology at Lund University, says the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) used for both women and men is not so accurate in picking up depression in fathers. Her research showed higher levels of depression in dads because it added in a score more reflective of "male" symptoms of depression such as agitation, anger, irritability(易怒), working longer hours and drinking too much.
Depression in fathers may be rising not just because researchers are looking for it, but because more new dads are struggling. Psouni believes fathers increasingly face the same dilemmas that mothers do-including trying to combine parenthood with working Fathers who got depressed often had external pressures, such as job issues, and if their partner was depressed, their own risk of depression doubled. Lack of sleep, having twins and conflict in the relationship can all contribute.
A depressed dad will play and smile less with his child. Children are deeply affected by paternal postnatal depression with studies showing poorer measures of wellbeing and more behavioral problems at the age of seven.
Fathers who sense they may be struggling and partners, relatives or friends who notice an increase in imitability and anxiety in a man in the first year of parenthood (paternal depression is more dispersed throughout the first 12 months) should consider the possibility of paternal postnatal depression.
Cognitive behavioral therapy(认知行为疗法) can help, as can antidepressants. If the depression is not recognised, says Psouni, "one of most terrible things is that you catch up with yourself a year later and realise you have been really down and struggling-and the first year of your child's life has gone.”
1.What is revealed about men according to a Sweden research?
A. They experience a sharp decline in hormone.
B. Many of them suffer from postnatal depression.
C. They seldom go through pregnancy or childbirth
D. Many of them qualify for the transition to fatherhood.
2.What do the statistics in Paragraph 2 indicate?
A. The researchers should invite more Swedish fathers.
B. Over half of Swedish fathers tend to harm themselves.
C. The mental health of fathers deserves more attention.
D. Postnatal depression affects British women more easily.
3.Why did Psouni's research show higher levels of depression in dads?
A. Researchers use a new measure for male symptom of depression.
B. Researchers adopt EPDS to accurately pick up depression in dads.
C. Fathers have trouble in coping with internal and external pressures.
D. Fathers are often faced with the doubled risk of partner depression.
4.What may happen to a father with paternal depression?
A. He may develop terrible behavioral habits.
B. He may avoid being recognized with depression.
C. He may decline cognitive behavioral therapy.
D. He may miss the chance of giving proper childcare.
