Question

    Whenever we see a button (按钮), we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift.

Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts’“close” buttons are a complete scam, at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.

“Perceived (能够感知的) control is very important. It reduces stress and increases well-being,” Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said, “Having a lack of control is associated with depression.”

Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats (温度调节器) because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

“That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said, ‘‘Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I’ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”

1.What was the author’s main purpose in writing the article?

A. To describe some different kinds of fake buttons.

B. To analyze(分析) the functions (作用) of fake buttons.

C. To explore people’ different habits when it comes to pushing buttons.

D. To explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons.

2.What does the underlined word “scam” mean?

A. Trick. B. Tool.

C. Button. D. Joke.

3.According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons ______.

A. don’t know that what they press is fake B. should give up this habit

C. consider what they do to be meaningless D. probably do so to kill time

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了生活中在很多场合都有许多假按钮。虽然是假的，但是在许多人看来，尤其是心理专家看来，可以给人们减压，增加愉快感。

1.写作意图题。本文主要介绍了生活中出现的假按钮，并且分析了它们给人们带来的各个方面的作用，根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了假按钮的功能——能够满足人们的控制感，故选B项。

2.词义猜测题。根据划线部分句子“Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts, “close” buttons are a complete scam, at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.”句意：许多人习惯按下“关门”按钮，因为他们没有耐心等电梯门关上。但是电梯，“关闭”按钮是一个完全的骗局，至少在美国，门不会更快关闭，无论你怎么用力按。故可知scam意思为“骗局”，故选A。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I’ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”可知，尽管我对交通灯按钮有疑问，但我总是按按钮。毕竟，我在等待的时候没有别的事要做，按假按钮可以消磨时间。故选D。