Question

    Loneliness is an unpleasant feeling in which a person experiences a strong sense of being alone resulting from low levels of social contact and relationships．

There are two types of loneliness： emotional loneliness and social loneliness． Emotional loneliness is concerned with the relationship between parents and their children． When children are separated from their parents， they show separation pain， such as crying and trying to search for their parents． Therefore， emotional loneliness is caused by a lack of a person that one is normally emotionally attached to， such as a parent． Social loneliness， on the other hand， is the loneliness one experiences through a lack of a wide social network． One does not feel that he or she is a member of his or her community， and one does not have friends that he or she can rely on in times of pain．

One way of thinking about loneliness is from the difference between one's desired and one's achieved levels of social interactions， while being alone is simply a lack of contact with people． Loneliness is therefore a subjective experience； if people think they are lonely， then they are lonely． People can be lonely when they are alone， or in the crowd． What makes people lonely is the fact that they want more social interaction． People can be in a party and feel lonely because they don't get to talk to enough people． On the other hand， one can be alone and not feel lonely， even though there is no one around． That person is not lonely because he or she has no desire for social interaction at that time．

1.Which of the following description to social loneliness is correct？

A. It is a mental illness．

B. It is separation from one's parents．

C. It is a high level of social interaction．

D. It is caused by the lack of a person to depend on．

2.What are they in common， a person with emotional loneliness and one with social loneliness？

A. They have no friends to talk to．

B. They feel a sense of being alone．

C. They have a limited social network．

D. They have a bad relationship with their parents．

3.What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean？

A. A hot topic． B. A special event.

C. A pain in the body． D. A feeling in one's mind.

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。孤独是一种不愉快的感觉，本文介绍了两种类型的孤独：感情孤独和社会孤独，并且对alone和lonely进行了区分。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Social loneliness， on the other hand， is the loneliness one experiences through a lack of a wide social network． One does not feel that he or she is a member of his or her community， and one does not have friends that he or she can rely on in times of pain．”可知，社会孤独是指一个人由于缺乏广泛的社交网络而感受到的孤独。一个人不觉得自己是自己社区的一员，在痛苦的时候也没有可以依靠的朋友。由此可知，社会孤独是由于缺乏一个情感上依恋的人而引起的，故选D。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Therefore， emotional loneliness is caused by a lack of a person that one is normally emotionally attached to”可知，情感孤独是由于缺乏一个情感上依恋的人。根据该段中的“Social loneliness … and one does not have friends that he or she can rely on in times of pain”社会孤独是一个人在痛苦的时候没有可以依靠的朋友。由此可知，这两种孤独的共同之处在于他们都是一个人，没有可以依靠的人。故选B。

3.词义猜测题。根据后面的“if people think they are lonely， then they are lonely”可知，如果人们认为他们孤独，那么他们就是孤独的。由此可知，此处是说孤独是内心的一种感受。故选D。