What are dreams for? A handful of theories have the most influence. Sigmund Freud famously claimed that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. Despite being largely unsupported by evidence，researchers found that students in the U.S.，South Korea，and India were much more likely to accept the view. In the same study，respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more anxiety than an official warning about a terrorist attack. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions，or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories，or rehearse responses to threatening situations.
Even if dreams can’t foretell the future，they seem to expose our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep cycles，of which the average person has four or five a night. A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics to be school，falling，being chased，and arriving too late for something.
For all the commonalities dreams exhibit，they vary across time people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white—and culture. A 1958 study determined that compared with Japanese people，Americans dreamed more about being locked up，losing a loved one，finding money. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school，trying repeatedly to do something，being paralyzed with fear，or “wild，violent beasts.”
If human dreams sound boring，bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects. In a study of students taking a French medical—school entrance exam，60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand involved a problem with the exam，such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported dreams about the exam，even bad ones，did better on it than those who didn’t.
1.What do you know about Freud’s view on dreaming?
A. It will cause people more anxiety.
B. It is already been proved by evidence.
C. It is popular with some American and Asian students.
D. It can reveal the hidden truth and predict the future.
2.According to recent research，dreams may________.
A. make emotions intense B. help prepare for special situations
C. reduce our memories D. help us take notes
3.According to paragraphs 2 and 3，which of the following is true?
A. The average person has four or five sleep cycles a night.
B. Canadian students aren’t worried about being late for schoo1.
C. Americans usually share the same dream topics with Japanese.
D. Films about wild beasts may be widely shown in America in 1958.
4.If you dream that you failed the exam，____________.
A. your dream will come true
B. you will be depressed with fear
C. you are supposed to take it seriously
D. it shows that you care a lot about the exam
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Sign language?” She knew she needed to help.
Clara，15 at the time，pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf，” she said. The passenger seemed to want something，but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed，according to PEOPLE magazine.
Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s palm. So she unbuckled her seat belt，walked toward the front of the plane，and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook，then 64.Gently taking his hand，she signed，“How are you? Are you OK/” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived，Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit，she stopped and stayed for a while.
“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour，that’s what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician).Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her，she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness，”a passenger reported.
“Clara was amazing.” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Tim was very excited to have someone he could speak to，and she was such an angel. “Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
Looking for ways to give back yourself? Start with this random act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.
1.The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ______________.
A. the passenger was traveling alone
B. the plane was in a dangerous situation
C. the passenger asked for something urgently
D. They couldn’t communicate with the passenger
2.Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?
A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.
B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.
C. Because Cook expected to understand teenagers better.
D. Because she wanted to show her ambition for the future.
3.Which of the following words can best describe Clara?
A. Kind and caring. B. Warm-hearted and cautious.
C. Generous and amazing. D. Ambitious and attentive.
4.The passage is mainly written to ______________.
A. tell a touching story of an amazing girl
B. appeal to readers to lend a hand kindly and randomly
C. stress the great importance of American Sign Language
D. show how considerate the flight attendant was to help Cook
You’ll find it amazing to support people when you go out to eat! Just look for restaurants that hire people with disabilities，which are making the world a more inclusive place. Each bakery，café and restaurant below has a wonderful and heartwarming story.
Hugs Care: McKinney，Texas
Ruth Thompson once had a vision to create a nonprofit café that would be run and operated primarily by adults with special needs. With hard work，a strong passion and an amazing team，Hugs Café opened its doors in 2015.“Hugs Café is now so much more than a job to our 23 teammates，which is enhancing the meaningful lives of adults with special needs through training and employment at Hugs Café. Thompson says.
Vinny＆Bay’s Coffee and Eatery: Panama City，Florida
“A lot of people plan their vacations around coming to this coffee shop，”says café owner Kara Rigby. Vinny ＆ Bay’s Coffee and Eatery was established “so that Baylee had a place to work，”Rigby adds. Baylee is Rigby’s daughter’s friend who has a disability. The coffee shop’s goal become training for individuals like Baylee. Some workers have even started at Vinny ＆ Bay’ s and were able to work in a regular workplace. Rigby says that her employees” have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities. They love unconditionally，and it changes the whole environment and business.” Rigby believes that incorporating even just one or two disabled individuals into a business can change the whole atmosphere—for the better!
Sugar Pl um Bakery: Virginia Beach，Virginia
Head to Sugar Plum Bakery to find a delicious carrot cake and see people with disabilities successfully working alongside none—disabled workers. Sugar Plum has been promoting the integration of adult s with developmental disabilities by providing training and employment opportunities to more than 1，000 people with disabilities since 1987.Whether they’re scooping cookies or making cupcakes，Sugar Plum’s disabled employees are the backbone of the bakery.
1.What do the three restaurants have in common?
A. They are established by adults with special needs.
B. They are supported by charities or local government.
C. The provide training and employment to disabled individuals.
D. The employers and employees there are all individuals with disabilities.
2.It can be known from the passage that ______________.
A. Hugs Café set up in 1987 now has 23 teammates
B. Rigby founded her coffee shop to help Baylee，her daughter
C. Disabled individuals are not able to work in a regular workplace
D. Sugar P1um Bakery hires both normal people and people with disabilities
3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?
A. Disabled workers there are the most important part.
B. The bakery get s support and strength from backbone.
C. The customers are always backing the disabled workers.
D. The employees have a whole lot more abilities than disabilities.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.Who is the speaker?
A. A student. B. A professor. C. A teacher’s helper.
2.What is the class mainly about?
A. Electricity.
B. Modern science.
C. Science in ancient Greece and Rome.
3.What was calculated correctly by an ancient Greek?
A. The size of the earth.
B. The size of the moon.
C. The distance between the moon and the earth.
4.What will the speaker do next?
A. Talk about Archimedes.
B. Explain a math problem.
C. Answer some questions.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Why does the woman plan to wear a mask tomorrow?
A. Because of the smog.
B. Because of her illness.
C. Because of the cold weather.
2.What’s a big problem in the city?
A. The heavy traffic. B. The air pollution. C. The large population.
3.What do the speakers decide to do?
A. Change their ways to go to work.
B. Ask the government to do something.
C. Call on people to protect the environment.
4.What can we know about the man?
A. He always uses the public transport.
B. He seldom listens to the weather report.
C. He is waiting for the weather to improve soon.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What does the woman say about her family?
A. They led a poor life.
B. They kept a lot of birds.
C. They owned a small farm.
2.What did the woman’s mot her impress her with?
A. Her love. B. Her success. C. Her ambition.
3.What did the woman’s mother wish her to do?
A. Go to college. B. Become a writer. C. Have a better life.
