Question

    It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence.There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.For example, we can say to a child “Don't run into traffic！” or “Stay on the footpath close to me.” In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.

Actually, it is all in the way the human mind works.What we think, we automatically rehearse.For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.When a child is told “Don't fall off the tree，” he will think of two things：“don't” and “fall off the tree”. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind.A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off.So it is far better to use “Hold on to the tree carefully.”

Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things.Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.So parents should make their commands positive.“Sam, hold on firmly to the side of the boat” is much more useful than “Don't you dare to fall out of the boat？” or “How do you think I'll feel if you drown？” The changes are small but the difference is obvious.

Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.

1.Positive choice of words helps kids to ________.

A. learn in different situations B. do things carefully

C. build up their confidence D. improve their imagination

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. A child will act on what is instructed.

B. One can't help imagining what is heard.

C. A child will fall off the tree when told not to.

D. One won't think of a blue monkey when given money.

3.Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?

A. How do you think I'll feel if you get hurt? B. Don't play by the lake.

C. Don't you dare to walk through the red light? D. Fasten your seat belt.

4.The main idea of the passage is that ________.

A. positive instructions guide kids B. praise makes kids confident

C. right instructions keep kids safe D. clear commands make kids different

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

【解析】

本文主要是告诉人们如何去教育孩子。要给孩子提供积极正面的指导，而不是负面消极的各种不准不要。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence. There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words.可知，积极正面的话语会让孩子们树立信心。故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段What we think, we automatically rehearse. For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn't be able to do it.可知，第二段主要说明了人类的思维方式使得一个人情不自禁去想象听到的东西。故选B。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words.可知，积极正面的指导来帮助孩子理解正确的做事方式。用消极的语言孩子们会不知道如何保证安全，如何对危险的警告做出反应。前面三个选项都是负面的。故选D。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren't scaring themselves with what not to do.及全文内容可知，文章主要是告诉人们要给孩子提供积极正面的指导，而不是负面消极的各种不准不要，差别很小的话但最后作用差的很大。故选A。