Question

    At the end of the First World War, in 1918. China was convinced it would be able to reclaim the territories occupied by the Germans in present-day Shandong Province. After all, it had fought along with the Allies. However it was not to be. The warlord government of the day had ________ struck a deal with the Japanese, offering the German colonies in return for financial support. The Allies, ________, acknowledged Japan’s territorial claims in China. When it became known in China in April 1919 that the negotiations over the Treaty of Versailles（凡尔赛条约）would not ________ China’s claims, it gave rise to a movement that might be considered even more revolutionary than the one that ended the Empire.

In the course of this May Fourth Movement, some 5,000 students from Peking University hit the streets to ________ the Versailles Treaty. But more was at stake than Japan’s grabbing of land. When one considers the 1911 Revolution as a mere regime（政体）change, it become clear that the numerous popular demands for modernization had not been satisfied yet.

The May Fourth Movement was part cultural revolution, part _______ movement. On the cultural side , the students had been inspired in the preceding two decades by Western thought, creating a feeling of frustration and _______ with Chinese tradition. In the intellectual ferment（酝酿/骚动）that resulted from this, answers were sought for the questions why and how China had lagged behind the West. The negative influences of traditional morality, the clan（宗族）system and Confucianism were seen as the main causes. China in its shaky state could only be cured by “Two Doctors”: Doctor Science（赛先生）and Doctor Democracy（德先生）.

At the same time, intellectuals untied in the New Culture Movement attempted to make Chinese culture more ________ to social groups beyond the traditional scholar-officials. To this end, they advocated a Literary Revolution, in which wenyan, the ossified（僵化的）system of ________ language, was to be replaced by a system based on conversational language, the so-called baihua. Hu Shi is one of the scholars who ________ with this movement, and meanwhile Lu Xun is seen as one of the most productive practitioners of this type of writing that came into _______ in the 1920s.

The social aspects of May Fourth consisted of attempts to free the Chinese woman, although this was often limited to movements to bring foot-binding to a halt. Nonetheless, in the cities newly ________ women, modern girls who had been educated, became a loud voice for further changes.

May Fourth is seen as a critical _______ for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. Before 1919, there was hardly any interest in what was happening in Russia. After May Fourth, Marxism was seen as a _______ revolutionary ideology for a predominantly agricultural society such as China still was.

Even today, May Fourth functions as a point of _______ for China. The Party may interpret the events of 1919 as being brought about by its earliest members, and it may turn Lu Xun into the Marxist writer he would refuse to be, but the fact ________ that May Fourth truly set China on its revolutionary path.

1.A.firmly B.suddenly C.immediately D.secretly

2.A.on the other hand B.for instance C.on the contrary D.with no exception

3.A.challenge B.honor C.withdraw D.investigate

4.A.agree on B.draw up C.demonstrate against D.adhere to

5.A.political B.democratic C.social D.revolutionary

6.A.contentment B.dissatisfaction C.interconnection D.identification

7.A.accessible B.modernized C.complex D.appealing

8.A.written B.non-verbal C.informal D.dead

9.A.debated B.parted C.disagreed D.identified

10.A.effect B.being C.power D.fortune

11.A.engaged B.divorced C.liberated D.widowed

12.A.burden B.accelerator C.message D.handbrake

13.A.superficial B.unrealistic C.applicable D.imperfect

14.A.departure B.difference C.interest D.reference

15.A.alters B.denies C.overstates D.remains

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.B

4.C

5.C

6.B

7.A

8.A

9.D

10.B

11.C

12.B

13.C

14.D

15.D

【解析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章叙述了五四运动爆发的前因后果，阐述了五四运动的重大意义和深远影响。

1.考查副词词义辨析。句意：当时的军阀政府秘密地与日本人达成了一项协议。A. firmly坚定地；B. suddenly突然地；C. immediately马上，立刻；D. secretly秘密地。上文提到：一战快结束的时候，中国相信可以收回被德国占领山东省的殖民地。但是，这是不可能的。之前军阀政府和日本签署的协议将归属德国的殖民地转让给了日本，显然这个协议是“秘密”签署的，否则，中国不会认为自己可以收回归属德国的殖民地。故选D。

2.考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，盟国承认日本对中国的领土要求。A. on the other hand另一方面；B. for instance例如；C. on the contrary相反地；D. with no exception毫无例外。该句和上一句并列，解释中国不可能收回德国占领的殖民地的两个原因。一方面，军阀政府已和日本达成秘密协议，将归属德国的殖民地转让给了日本。另一方面，盟国承认日本对中国的领土要求。故选A。

3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：《凡尔赛条约》的协议不会尊重中国的主张。A. challenge挑战； B. honor尊重，给……荣誉；C. withdraw撤退；D. investigate挑战。上一句提到，盟国承认日本对中国的领土要求。由此推知，《凡尔赛条约》不尊重中国（收回德国占领的殖民地）的主张。故选B。

4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这场五四运动中，来自北京大学的大约5000名学生走上街头，反对凡尔赛条约。A. agree on就……取得一致意见； B. draw up草拟；C. demonstrate against示威反对……；D. adhere to拥护，追随。根据上文可知，《凡尔赛条约》侵害了中国的利益，因此，学生们会“示威游行”，反对《凡尔赛条约》。故选C。

5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五四运动一部分是文化大革命，一部分是社会运动。A. political政治的；B. democratic民主的，大众的；C. social社会的，社交的；D. revolutionary革命的，大变革的。根据倒数第三段中的“The social aspects of May Fourth consisted of attempts to free the Chinese woman”可知，五四运动一部分是“社会”运动。故选C。

6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在文化方面，学生们在过去的二十年里受到了西方思想的启发，对中国传统产生了挫败感和不满的情绪。A. contentment满足，满意；B. dissatisfaction不满意；C. interconnection互相关联；D. identification鉴定，识别。该空和frustration(挫败，沮丧)并列，感情色彩应一致。结合选项，B选项切题。在西方思想的启发下，学生们对中国传统产生了“不满的”情绪。故选B。

7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，在新文化运动中得到解放的知识分子试图使中国文化被传统士大夫之外的社会群体所接受。A. accessible易懂的，可接近的，可进入的B. modernized现代化的；C. complex复杂的；D. appealing有吸引力的。知识分子企图让传统士大夫之外的群体更容易“接受”，更容易“理解”中国文化。故选A。

8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为此，他们提倡文学革命，在文学革命中，文言文这种僵化的书面语言系统被以会话语言为基础的白话文所代替。A. written书面的；B. non-verbal非言语的；C. informal不正式的；D. dead死的。结合常识可知，文言文属于书面语言系统。且该空和后面的“conversational language”相反，故选A。

9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：胡适是认同这一运动的学者之一，与此同时，鲁迅被认为是这种类型的写作中最多产的实践者之一。A. debated辩论； B. parted分离；C. disagreed不同意； D. identified认同，鉴定，辨别。结合常识可知，胡适倡导新文化运动，即：他“认同”新文化运动。且该句和后面鲁迅的例子是并列关系，感情色彩一致，由此也可以推知胡适是认同新文化运动的。故选D。

10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲁迅被认为是这种类型的写作中最多产的实践者之一，这种类型的写作形成于20世纪20年代。A. effect影响；B. being存在，生物；C. power力量；D. fortune运气，财富。根据第一段可知，五四运动爆发于1919年，在五四运动过程中，这种类型的写作形成了。come into being意为“形成”，是固定短语。故选B。

11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，在城市里新解放的妇女，受过教育的现代女孩，成为进一步变革的响亮声音。A. engaged已订婚的，忙碌的；B. divorced离婚的；C. liberated解放的；D. widowed寡居的。根据上一句中的“free the Chinese woman”以及和该处并列的“modern girls who had been educated”可以推知，该处应指那些“被解放的”妇女。故选C。

12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：五四被视为中国共产党成立的关键加速器。A. burden负担；B. accelerator油门，催化剂；C. message信息；D. handbrake手闸。根据该段剩余部分可知，五四运动促进了马克思主义在中国的传播。由此推知，五四运动对于中国共产党的成立起了“推动作用”，“加速”了中国共产党的成立。故选B。

13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五四以后，马克思主义被认为是一种适用于中国这样一个以农业为主的社会的革命思想。A. superficial粗略的，肤浅的；B. unrealistic不切实际的；C. applicable可应用的，适合的；D. imperfect不完美的。该句和上一句进行对比。上一句提到，五四运动之前，人们不了解俄国的情况，当然也不了解马克思主义。那么该句应指五四运动之后，马克思主义为人们所了解，接受，人们认为它是适合中国的革命思想。故选C。

14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，五四也是中国的一个参照点。A. departure离开，出发；B. difference区别；C. interest兴趣；D. reference参考，参照。根据该段最后一句“五四确实使中国走上了革命道路”可知，五四运动是中国的一个参照点。故选D。

15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可能会把鲁迅变成他所不愿成为的马克思主义作家，但事实仍然是五四确实使中国走上了革命道路。A. alters改变；B. denies否认；C. overstates夸张；D. remains仍然是。结合前文几段对五四运动的介绍可知，五四运动的确使中国走上了革命道路，这个事实今天依然存在，不可否认。故选D。