What is the problem for the man?
A.He has to meet many people. B.He has to leave his friends.
C.He has to travel a lot.
Guided Writing
使用了20多年的学校图书馆因满足不了广大师生的需求而停止运营，进行改建。校长室希望就新馆的环境规划、设备更新和运行效率等方面征求学生的具体建议。假设你是本校学生何月平，给校长室写信，就至少两个方面提出自己的建议内容，并阐述建议的理由。
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Summary
The Super Strength of Spider Webs
The ability of fictional superhero Spider-Man to swing off city skyscrapers using his sticky web has fascinated many of us. But however amazing it appears to be, the superpower is unrealistic, right? Not completely, scientists say.
Spider silk is in itself a very strong material. In fact, it is about five times stronger than steel in weight-for-weight terms. Even so, this doesn’t thoroughly explain the strength of spider webs. It was not until recently that scientists discovered why spider webs are able to withstand huge forces.
The scientists found through a study that it is not just the remarkable strength of the silk spiders spin, but also a web’s intricate design that increases its durability. The creation of a typical web uses up a huge amount of a spider’s energy, so it contains a series of features which prevent major repairs from being needed.
Its complex structure means that when a single strand of web breaks, the overall strength of the web increases rather than weakens. Removing up to 10 percent of the threads from various areas made the web not weaker but actually up to 10 percent stronger. When a weight was applied, only one thread broke – so the spider could do minor repairs rather than start from scratch.
In previous studies, researchers also found the silk itself has an ability to soften or stiffen to withstand different types of loads – unlike any other natural or man-made fiber. In tests against three other materials made into similar webs, the spider silk was six times more resilient to damage when subjected to falling branches or high winds.
The scientists believe the findings could be used to help design a new generation of super strength materials. The intricate design of the spider web could be used in many areas of life to contain damage to a small area, said study co-author Markus Buehler, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Translation
1.按照惯例，参与批改考卷的老师不能使用任何电子设备。 (access)
2.每天仅准许两百名游客进入博物馆参观，因为里面陈列的物品极其珍贵。 (admit)
3.直到获悉儿子被心仪的私立小学录取时，这个多愁善感的妈妈才松了一口气。 (It …)
4.忠言逆耳利于行，这个道理尽人皆知，但是这个固执的老头是否有可能会听从你的建议呢？ (possibility)
Bicycles, roller skates and skateboards are dangerous. And don’t get me started on walking. But I’m glad I didn’t spend my childhood trapped indoors to protect me from every bump and bruise. “That which does not kill us makes us stronger.” 1. And now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-craving kids.
Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often mirrors what they might otherwise do if their mobility weren’t so heavily limited in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smartphones have become so popular in recent years. 2.
As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the potential dangers that youth might face – from violent strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives.
Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the potential risks of interacting with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. 3. “Protecting” kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it gradually weakens the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.
The key to helping youth navigate contemporary digital life isn’t more restrictions. It’s freedom-plus communication. What makes the digital street safe is when teens and adults collectively agree to open their eyes and pay attention, communicate and negotiate difficult situations together. Teens need the freedom to wander the digital street, but they also need to know that caring adults are behind them and supporting them wherever they go. The first step is to turn off the tracking software. 4.
Mental illness and disability were family problems for English people living between 1660 and 1800. Most women and men who suffered from mental illness were not institutionalized as this was the period before the extensive building of mental hospitals. Instead, they were housed at home, and cared for by other family members.
Now a new study by Cambridge historian Dr. Elizabeth Foyster will reveal the impact on families of caring for mentally ill and disabled relatives.
Much has been written about the insane themselves but few studies have considered mental illness from the perspective of the carers. The lifetime burden of caring for those individuals whose mental development did not progress beyond childhood, and who contemporaries labeled as ‘idiots’ or ‘fools’, has been little explored by historians. Foyster’s research, which has been funded by the Leverhulme Trust, will carefully examine the emotional and economic consequences for families at a time when the Poor Law bound them to look after their mentally ill and disabled family members.
By asking key questions about the impact of ‘care in the community’ in the 18th century, Foyster hopes that her research will bridge social and medical history. Specifically, she aims to provide an historical perspective for contemporary debates such as how resources can be stretched to provide for children with learning difficulties and an aging population.
“The stresses and strains of family were worsened by high infant mortality and low life expectancy, and many individuals were pushed towards mental breakdown,” she explained. “Moreover, inherited conditions, senility(高龄) and what today would be described as ‘special needs’ could put great emotional demands on family members who had primary responsibility for their sick or disabled relatives.”
The research will shed light upon how caring for the mentally ill and disabled raised difficult issues for families about the limits of intergenerational responsibility, and whether family ties were weakened or strengthened by the experience. The questions of how far shame was attached to having insanity or idiocy within a family, and at what point families began to seek outside help, will also be addressed.
“The family must have seemed an inescapable feature of daily life between 1660 and 1800,” said Foyster. “Although there were those who were abandoned and rejected, for the majority, mental disability was accommodated within the family unit. I aim to get to the heart of what this really meant for people’s lives.”
1.Which is NOT the reason why those mentally ill and disabled were not institutionalized from 1660 to 1800?
A.Mental illness and disability were family problems then.
B.The extensive building of mental hospitals didn’t start yet.
C.They were abandoned by the government and the family.
D.The family would be found guilty if they didn’t care for them.
2.Why does Foyster want to carry out this study?
A.Because it can provide some food for thought for some current social issues.
B.Because the stresses and strains of family life have driven many people crazy.
C.Because she’s looking for ways to communicate with the sick or disabled people.
D.Because the limits of intergenerational responsibility in such families, interest her.
3.Which question will NOT be studied in the research?
A.How should resources today be stretched to provide for an aging population?
B.How did caring for the sick and disabled affect the family’s earning power?
C.How shameful did a family feel when their insane or disabled relatives were found out?
D.At what point did those families have to begin to look for outside help?
4.The passage is written in order to ________.
A.reveal the impact on families of caring for mentally ill and disabled relatives
B.provide an historical perspective to contemporary debates
C.shed light upon whether family ties were weakened or strengthened
D.introduce a new historical study carried out by a Cambridge historian
