Why does the boy like sharks?
A.They are great swimmers. B.They make funny sounds. C.They are very smart.
What did the woman fail to see?
A.A disabled person. B.A sign. C.A parking lot.
What will the man do first?
A.Pick up lunch. B.Visit the bank. C.Go to the post office.
What will the man probably drink?
A.Real coffee. B.Instant coffee. C.Hot chocolate.
Why do people like what they like? Scientists have taken on the task of solving this mystery(奥秘)for ages. In the 1960s, psychologist Robert Zajonc conducted a series of experiments where he showed people nonsense words and random shapes. Afterward he asked his subjects which they preferred out of ever thing they had been shown. In study
after study, people always chose the words and shapes they had seen the most. Their preference was for familiarity.
This discovery was one of the most important findings in modern psychology. But the preference for familiarity has clear limits. People get tired of even their favorite songs and movies. On one hand, humans seek familiarity, because it makes then feel safe. On the other hand, people love the thrill of something new. This change between familiarity and discovery affects ns all the time- not just our preferences for pictures and songs, but also our preferences for ideas and even people.
For that reason, the power of familiarity seems to be strongest when a person isn’t expecting it. The opposite is also true: A surprise seems to work best when it contains some familiarity. Nobody knows this better than Raymond Loews, who is considered to be the "father of industrial design. He had a theory that he said could help artists sell anything to anyone. He called it MAYA --"Most Advanced Yet Acceptable""To sell something surprising, make it familiar; and to sell something familiar, make it surprising," he said.
One of Loewy’s final tasks was too add an element(要素)of familiarity to a truly new invention: NASA’s first space station. Loewy’s biggest contribution to the space station was that he insisted NASA install a window with a view of Earth. Today, tens of millions of people have seen this small detail in films about astronauts. It is hard to imagine a more perfect example of MAYA: a window to a new world can also show you home.
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It's a hot summer afternoon. You're cooking up the catch of the day over a campfire. Suddenly, a few raindrops fall on your arms, and before you know it, the sky is opened up. Then you hear what sounds like thunder in the distance. What should you do? Your tent is close by and would offer shelter from the pouring rain. There's a campsite picnic shelter a few minutes down the path. And then you remember that your car is parked down the road. What's your safest choice to make sure you and your families are safe?
It's a common question for many hikers and campers, especially when they're camping during summer months. Heading to your car is almost always the safest choice. Your tent and a picnic shelter will keep you dry. but they offer little or no protection against lightning. Your car, on the other hand, will keep you dry and protect you from lightning strikes. Protecting yourself against possible lightning strikes is very important; lightning kills an average of 62 people in the US each year. If you keep all of the windows and doors closed in your car, you'll be able to return to your campsite safely.
Of course, if you're backpacking, not car camping, and you're deep in the woods, your car won't be a good choice. So, what should you do if your car is far away and there's no other safe shelter nearby? First, you'll have to make sure that tree limbs（枝）or other objects don't fall on you or your campsite. Then you'll have to get in a safe position to avoid lightning, or flash flood conditions. What else should you do?
1.The passage aims to tell us__________.
A.what's camping
B.how to camp safely
C.how to survive a storm when camping
D.car camping is the safest
2.To avoid lightning in a storm, you'd better__________.
A.go into your tent quickly
B.cook up the catch of the day over a campfire
C.run into a campsite picnic shelter at once
D.get into your car and return to your campsite
3.From the last paragraph we can infer___________.
A.people should not go camping alone
B.people should never camp deep in the woods
C.backpacking is not a good choice for campers
D.when camping learning to protect oneself is very important
4.What does the underlined word "campsite" mean?
A.A place where people who are on holiday can stay in tents.
B.A place where people can buy all kinds of traveling goods.
C.A place where people can see the pouring rain.
D.A place where people can cook food.
