Question

    An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.

Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.

There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.

During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.

If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.

If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆), cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers (营救人员) can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.

1.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers                   .

A.what to do in earthquakes

B.how to prevent earthquakes

C.the damage caused by earthquakes

D.the rescue work after earthquakes

2.The underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably means “                   _”.

A.Easily found B.Expensive C.Easily broken D.Heavy

3.During the earthquake, people are advised to                    .

A.take shelter under a tree

B.drive to a safe place quickly

C.go out of the building at once

D.turn off electricity and gas immediately

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于如何在地震中保护自己和家人这一问题，给出了一些简单的安全技巧。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.（因此，学习一些简单的安全技巧来保护自己和家人是明智的。）由此可知，这篇文章的目的是告诉读者在地震中该怎么做。故选A。

2.词义猜测题。根据like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up.（像那些玻璃做的容易破碎，通常应放在较低的表面，接近地面，而不是把它们放在较高的碗柜。）由此可知，“Fragile”的意思是易碎的。A. Easily found容易找到的；B. Expensive昂贵的；C. Easily broken易碎的；D. Heavy沉重的。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.（当地震发生时，一定要立即切断电源和煤气。）由此可知，地震期间，建议人们立即关掉电和煤气。故选D。