Question

阅读下面短文'，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The “carpenter” thinks that his or her child can1.(shape). “The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you^e going to be able to turn your child 2.a particular kind of adult，” she said

The “gardener”，however, is seldom concerned about 3. (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space 4.explore). The style is all about:“creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse，active ecosystem”.

Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. " Many parents are carpenters, and 5.is really necessary for them to bring up their children.” She spent decades researching children's development and finally 6.(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become7. (anxiety),tense or unhappy.

"We re so concerned about our children 8. we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we’ re unwilling to allow them to 9. (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the 10. (little)that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.

Answer

1.be shaped

2.into

3.controlling

4.to explore

5.it

6.found

7.anxious

8.who/that

9.freely

10.less

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。

1.考查动词的语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。

2.考查固定搭配。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...意为“将...变成...”，为固定搭配。故填into。

3.考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。

4.考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。

5.考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It’s十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在 该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。

6.考查动词的时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。

7.考查词形转换。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。

8.考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children，故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。

9.考查词性转换。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。

10.考查形容词的比较级。句意: 事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。