Question

Direction: After reading  the passage below. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct

Increasingly, various phrases have been taking over a good old-fashioned "thank you" or "you’re welcome" in daily conversations in the United States. While 1. (dine)at a restaurant, when a waiter comes by to ask Americans 2. .they would like more water or bread, do you notice that they often say " I'm good,” rather than "no, thank you?” When someone thanks them for holding the door open, "no problem "is almost the same response as "you're welcome”.

Are Americans becoming ruder, 3. (abandon) traditional polite phrases, or are the words they use now just updated versions of the same emotion?

According to Lisa Gache, co-founder of Beverly Hills Manners, the decline of these magic words in our everyday conversation has to do with the preference 4. all things casual in our society today. Casual conversation, casual dress and casual behavior are present in all areas of life.

And apparently Americans agree with her. A survey 5. (conduct)by Rasmussen Reports revealed that 76 percent of those surveyed thought that Americans were becoming "ruder and 6. (civil).”

But is using phrases like "no problem"or “you bet"or " enjoy” really rude? Does more casual

phrasing erase the original emotion of gratitude? Doesn’t "no, thank you" sometimes sound a little too formal, perhaps even a little too harsh(刺耳的), 7. it begins with a “no”?

Emily Post Senning, 8. great-grandmother set the standard on manners with the book Etiquette, thought that while the principles of respect and consideration are "universal and timeless, " actual manners change over time and between cultures, 9. do the words used to express gratitude and appreciation.

It's probably not a bad idea 10. (remember)to say "please" and "thank you,” but don’t beat yourself up thinking you're a horrible person if you say "have a good one" instead of "have a nice day.”

Answer

1.dining

2.whether

3.abandoning

4.to

5.conducted

6.less civil

7.when/as

8.whose

9.so

10.to remember

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在日常生活中，美国人的礼仪用语发生了变化。

1.考查状语从句的省略。句意：在餐馆吃饭时，当服务员过来问美国人是要水还是要面包时，你注意到他们经常说“我很好”而不是“不，谢谢”吗？”在while引导的时间状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，you与dine之间是主动关系，本句相当于省略了you are，故填dining。

2.考查宾语从句。句意同上。此处为宾语从句，用whether与后面的or构成whether…or的搭配，表示“是……还是”，故填whether。

3.考查非谓语动词。句意：是美国人变得更加粗鲁，摒弃了传统的礼貌用语，还是他们现在使用的词汇只是同一情感的更新版本？Americans与abandon之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词做伴随状语，故填abandoning。

4.考查介词。句意：在我们的日常会话中，这些神奇词汇的减少与当今社会对一切随意事物的偏爱有关。preference to表示“对……的偏爱”，故填to。

5.考查非谓语动词。句意：拉斯穆森报告所做的一项调查显示，76%的受访者认为美国人正在变得“粗鲁和不那么文明”。survey 与conduct之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词做后置定语，故填conducted。

6.考查形容词比较级。句意同上，根据空前的“ruder”判断此处用形容词比较级形式，故填less civil。

7.考查状语从句。句意：“不，谢谢”以“不”开头时，听起来是不是有点太正式了，甚至有点太苛刻了。根据句意可知空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，故填when/as。

8.考查非限定性定语从句。句意：埃米莉·波斯特·森宁的曾祖母在《礼仪》一书中确立了礼仪标准，她认为，虽然尊重和体谅的原则是“普遍和永恒的”，但实际的礼仪随着时间和文化的不同而变化，用来表达感激和赞赏的词语也会随之变化。great-grandmother与先行词Emily Post Senning之间是所属关系，所以用关系代词whose在从句中做定语，故填whose。

故填whose。

9.考查倒装。句意同上，“so+助动词+主语”表示前面提到的某一肯定情况也同样适用于后者，故填so。

10.考查非谓语动词。句意：记住说“请”和“谢谢”可能不是个坏主意。分析句子结构可知本句用It做形式主语，后面用不定式做真正的主语，故填to remember。