Friendships can bring joy or sorrow.1. , we talked to researchers, authors, and therapists to learn how to manage the common relationship difficulties we all face.
Broken promises
Friends are vital for our physical and mental well-being but these relationships aren’t always smooth sailing. 2.. And a major way this happens is through broken promises. Perhaps he canceled plans at the last minute or she declined to take part in an important party. 3., the first thing to do is remember that no one is perfect, says Jan Yager, PhD, friendship coach.
4.
“Sometimes jealousy reveals our deepest desires,” says Dr. Yager. “Healthy envy can motivate you to become better and be inspired by your friend’s success,” she says. She points out that it could be the other way around as well: Your friends might be jealous of you.
Feeling left out
There’s no worse feeling than when you check Facebook Monday morning to find out that your friends went on a weekend getaway without you. Scott Christnelly, a therapist, says, “I encourage clients to express their feelings about it but also not to jump to conclusions.” Then find someone else to talk to — maybe a family member, or a close friend (not one who went on the trip)—to explain how you feel. 5..
A. Experiencing envy
B. But while it may be painful
C. Stopping to feel jealous of them
D. Friend breakups can be just as painful as a romantic split
E. In fact, it’s common to experience some serious hurt from your friends
F. Since there’s no rule book on what to do when things get tense or go south
G. Maybe through that conversation, you can brainstorm how you will respond
Scientists Diego Kersting and Cristina Linares have found that some coral species are able to recover from harmful warming events through a unique survival strategy (策略)—known as “rejuvenescence” (新生)—among corals in the Mediterranean Sea. The findings represent some rare good news for corals around the world, which are facing numerous severe threats—most notably, climate change.
“The main threats are climate change, overfishing, pollution and coastal urbanization,” Kersting said. “But currently, climate change is probably the one causing the most coral cover declines. Warming stresses corals up to a point that may cause death. Some corals bleach (白化) before dying. Other corals do not bleach but die directly.” He went on, “Our findings are significant because this survival strategy was only known from fossil corals that existed hundreds of millions of years ago. It is the first time that it has been found in a living coral. Thanks to our findings, we know now that some corals are able to recover, but unfortunately this is not enough in the current climate change context.”
For their research, Kersting and Linares monitored 243 colonies of the endangered reef-building coral Cladocoracaespitosa in Spain’s Columbretes Islands Marine Reserve over 16 years, starting in 2002. The monitoring revealed that Cladocoracaespitosa in the Mediterranean uses rejuvenescence to cope with warming events. This process involves the polyps — or the individual coral animals in a colony—shrinking inward and abandoning their skeletons (骨骼) during warm periods, before rejuvenating at a later point. “What happens is that some polyps in a coral colony—sometimes just one— reduces completely its dimensions and partially retreats from its skeleton,” Kersting said. “Once the stressful event is over, the shrunken or rejuvenated polyp recovers its size and builds up a new skeleton. Eventually, it begins to reproduce itself through budding and begins to cover the dead colony surfaces.”
He continued, “The results were very surprising because I started to observe colonies that were dead years ago, that were showing living parts many years after their death.”
1.What is the greatest threat to corals now?
A.Overfishing. B.Light pollution.
C.City growth. D.Climate change.
2.What can we learn about the survival strategy?
A.It is the cause of warming events.
B.It was found for the first time.
C.It will bring hope for the endangered corals.
D.It represents the evolution of the corals.
3.What does paragraph3 mainly talk about?
A.How the extreme corals forms.
B.How the polyps survive their competitors.
C.How the research was conducted.
D.How the coral species manages to recover and regrow.
4.What can best replace the underlined word “retreat” in paragraph3?
A.Withdraw. B.Unfold. C.Benefit. D.Steal.
For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment?
The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash. “It’s just like brushing your teeth,” she says, “You don’t want to leave the water running of more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.
John Schombert, executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather, his organization works to educate the public about storm sewers (下水道) and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny region’s waterways. “We ask people to, consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable (透水的) surfaces where the water gets absorbed,” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter (过滤) those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.
The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding wastewater in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association (ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.
1.What worries people when they have their cars washed?
A.The dirt cannot be removed easily.
B.Larger quantities of water are wasted.
C.The washing ways do no good to their cars.
D.The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.
2.What’s the disadvantage of washing cars at home?
A.It is not easy to deal with.
B.It cannot clean the dirt completely.
C.It consumes a larger amount of water.
D.It does much damage to the environment.
3.What is John’s company mainly about?
A.Purifying untreated water.
B.Helping the public protect waterways.
C.Advocating controlling soil and water loss.
D.Raising the public’s awareness of air protection.
4.What can be the best title of the text?
A.Do you put car washing at risk?
B.Which is better: Car wash or DIY?
C.Why dish washers are better than hand washing?
D.Do Americans use less water than they did years ago?
Kakano means “seed” in Māori. For Jade Temepara, a Māori woman who was crowned New Zealand’s Gardener of the Year in 2012, though, it means a lot more. Temepara owns Kākano, a Māori restaurant and cooking school in Christchurch, on New Zealand’s South Island.
Even a first-time tourist to New Zealand will notice the presence of the Māori culture and language everywhere. Now, so many non-Māori young people learn the language — a trend that picked up after the passage of the Māori Language Act in 1987 — that it’s not unusual to hear teens and twenty somethings of European descent in Auckland asking their friends if they want to hang out and get some kai (food) later. That’s a striking contrast from several generations ago, when New Zealand law banned Māori in schools, either in written or spoken form.
While Temepara was happy to see the Māori language make a comeback, there were still parts of her native culture that were less present in New Zealand’s daily life. She felt that too few Māoris of her generation were trained in their culture’s traditional cooking methods and native ingredients (原料). That’s when Temepara came up with the idea of launching a cooking education program that would go into Māori schools and other community gathering places to teach classes in traditional Māori cooking and food preparation.
The idea was so successful that it eventually led to a brick-and-mortar cafe and shop in central Christchurch. There, Temepara trades in traditional kai — look for cold smoked mussels, karengo (a native seaweed), Manuka honey and a native variety of sweet potato called kumara.
Although many of the ingredients grow wild in New Zealand, that doesn’t mean just anybody can harvest them.
“The Māori subtribe Katti Menguai are the only ones that are allowed to have some, if they come from a lineage of chiefs. It is by bloodline only. You can’t even be invited. If you’re not blood, that’s it, you can’t go. My family is of that lineage. And so, traditionally we would harvest the birds.” This is both a tribal (部落的) practice and an accepted national law.
1.Why is the Māori language popular again in New Zealand?
A.Its food is becoming welcome.
B.The language law supporting it has been passed.
C.The young are more interested in its culture.
D.Speaking it becomes a status symbol.
2.How does Temepara feel about the return of the Māori language?
A.Worried. B.Confused.
C.Excited. D.Surprised.
3.What is the purpose of the cooking education program?
A.Making a profit from doing good.
B.Responding to local communities’ request.
C.Making Christchurch a perfect place for business.
D.Making Māoris feel accepted and proud of their identities.
4.What can be inferred from Temepara’s words?
A.A few have the privilege of harvesting the birds.
B.The ingredients for Māori food are hard to gain.
C.Her family are invited to gather the birds.
D.Her family has special blood types.
Things to do in Cabo Corrientes, Jalisco, Mexico
Majahuitas Island Tour
Duration: 6h 30m
Let yourself be spoiled by the nature in the Majahuitas Island (Natural Reserve) while you do different beach and sea activities, such as Snorkeling (潜游), Kayak (划独木舟)Tour and more. Eight delicious options from our menu will please your taste during lunch time, also your favorite drink will be prepared in our bar.
Las Marietas Eco Discovery
Duration: 6h
Snorkel, swim, and kayak through the beautiful rock formations around the Marietas Islands. Beloved by Jacques Cousteau for their rich marine life and clear waters, this underwater playground is an ideal place to spend the afternoon.
Follow up your snorkeling adventure with a guided kayak trip. Learn about the islands’ geologic past and keep your eyes peeled for migrating whales and playful groups of dolphins. Back on the boat, have a tasty deli-style lunch featuring delicious sandwiches and salads, or kick back with a drink from the open bar while your crew set a course for your return to port.
Yelapa & Majahuitas Catamaran Tour
Duration: 7h+
Set sail from Puerta Vallarta aboard a luxurious catamaran with the vast Pacific Ocean ahead and a refreshing sea breeze surrounding you. Spend your morning snorkeling and exploring the peaceful cove of Majahuitas. This coral reef and tropical fish-filled coastline is only accessible by boat, making it one of Puerto Vallarta’s best-kept hidden treasures.
Sayulita Escape
Duration: 3h
Hop on a powerful UTV (utility task vehicle) to explore Sayulita, a hip and relaxed beach town not far from Vallarta. Ride over muddy back roads and a riverbed to reach the small community famous for its laid-back atmosphere. Soon after hitting the main road, your guide turns onto one of the dusty forest paths. Pass by farms, fields, and a riverbed before reaching an isolated beach. When you are ready, a picnic lunch, open bar, and knowledgeable crew await your return to the catamaran.
1.Which tour lasts longest?
A.Sayulita Escape.
B.Majahuitas Island Tour
C.Las Marietas Eco Discovery.
D.Yelapa &Majahuitas Catamaran Tour.
2.How does the tour Sayulita Escape differ from the other ones?
A.It includes food and drinks.
B.Its activities are mainly held on the land.
C.It covers a variety of outdoor water rides.
D.It offers a free guide.
3.What can tourist enjoy on the tour Las Marietas Eco Discovery?
A.Speeding a boat on their own.
B.Playing with whales and dolphins.
C.Observing the history of rock formations.
D.Joining in amazing underwater activities.
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
手机给现代人的生活带来了很多便利，甚至改变了人们的日常生活方式。人们常常会在手机上下载一些常用的应用程序(app)。你平时使用较多的是哪一类应用程序呢？请你向同学们推荐一款应用程序，并阐述理由。
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