Question

    Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The experienced cellist Rostropovich tripped him purposely to ______ him of pre-performance panic. Mr. Feltsman said, “All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”

Today, music schools are addressing the problem of ______ in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, ______ mind.

Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging ______, from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline, ______ visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re tense, they urge; some excitement is ______, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.

Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before ______, “Take two deep abdominal(腹部) breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,” she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the ______, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them. “She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.

Extreme demands by conductors or parents are often ______ stage fright, says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. .

When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the heartbeat, which was just total ______. I came to a point where I thought, ‘If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’ m going to look for another job.’” Recovery, he said, involved developing humbleness—recognizing that whatever his talent, he was likely to make mistakes, and that an ______ concert was not a disaster.

It is not only ______ artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great singer Franco Corelli is another example. “We had to push him on stage,” his partners recalled.

______, success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any ______,” Singer June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to ______. ” He added, “I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”

1.A.assure B.cure C.remind D.rob

2.A.anxiety B.adolescence C.principle D.psychology

3.A.absent B.blank C.keen D.narrow

4.A.advice B.choices C.services D.education

5.A.instead of B.along with C.such as D.with regard to

6.A.definite B.neutral C.natural D.precious

7.A.ceremony B.performance C.lecture D.rehearsal

8.A.audience B.orchestra C.staff D.choir

9.A.at the face of B.at the root of C.in favour of D.in contrast with

10.A.craze B.fault C.failure D.panic

11.A.unusual B.imperfect C.invalid D.unpopular

12.A.talented B.unknown C.young D.experienced

13.A.Actually B.Certainly C.Luckily D.Similarly

14.A.appreciation B.contribution C.expectation D.satisfaction

15.A.learn B.offer C.say D.lose

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.B

4.A

5.C

6.C

7.B

8.A

9.B

10.D

11.B

12.C

13.A

14.C

15.D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了音乐表演艺术家怯场这一现象，并分析了原因以及提供了克服怯场的策略。

1.1考查动词词义辨析。句意：经验丰富的大提琴演奏家罗斯特罗波维奇故意绊倒他，以治疗演奏前的恐慌。A. assure担保；B. cure治疗、治愈；C. remind提醒；D. rob抢夺。空后费尔茨曼说自己所有的恐惧都消失了，这说明大提琴演奏家罗斯特罗波维奇故意绊倒他是为了治疗他演奏前的恐慌，故B项正确。

2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，音乐学校正在解决课堂上的焦虑问题，这些课程涉及表演技巧和职业准备。A. anxiety焦虑；B. adolescence青春期；C. principle原则；D. psychology心理。根据上文举的费尔茨曼的例子及常识可知，舞台恐惧属于焦虑问题，故A项正确。

3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐家可以学习多种策略来对抗舞台恐惧及其症状：手指冰凉、四肢发抖、心跳加速、头脑空白。A. absent缺席的；B. blank空白的；C. keen渴望的；D. narrow狭隘的。根据常识可知，头脑空白是舞台恐惧的症状之一，故B项正确。

4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师和心理学家提供广泛的建议，从基本的东西，如从内到外的学习到心理训练，如观看表演和采取措施放松。A. advice建议；B. choices选择；C. services服务；D. education教育。根据空后的“from basics like learning pieces inside out, to mental discipline,”可知此处指“建议”，故A项正确。

5.考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A. instead of而不是；B. along with同……一起；C. such as诸如；D. with regard to至于。空后的观看表演和采取措施放松是对心理训练的举例，需要用such as引出例子，故C项正确。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要否认你的紧张，有些小兴奋是自然的，甚至是有活力的比赛所必需的。A. definite确切的；B. neutral中性的；C. natural自然的；D. precious宝贵的。空前说不要否认你的紧张，此处解释原因，即有些小兴奋是自然的，甚至是必需的，故C项正确。

7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理治疗专家黛安·尼科尔斯建议在表演前的几分钟采取一些策略，“做两次深呼吸，张开肩膀，然后微笑，”她说。A. ceremony仪式；B. performance表演；C. lecture演讲；D. rehearsal排练。本文主要讨论的就是克服舞台恐惧的策略，因此此处指“在登台表演之前”，故B项正确。

8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在观众中选出三张友好的面孔并与之交流。A. audience观众、听众；B. orchestra管弦乐团；C. staff职员；D. choir唱诗班。空后说她不希望演奏者把观众当成评委，因此此处是说要与观众进行交流，故A项正确。

9.考查介词短语辨析。句意：著名小提琴教师多萝西•迪莱表示，指挥家或家长的极端要求往往是怯场的根源。A. at the face of在……面前；B. at the root of是……的根源；C. in favour of支持；D. in contrast with形成对比。空后说她告诉其他老师，只要求学生能够做到的事情，因此她认为指挥家或家长的极端要求往往是怯场的根源，故B项正确。

10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候我很紧张，我确信观众可以看到我的胸部对心跳的反应，那完全是恐慌。A. craze狂热；B. fault错误；C. failure失败；D. panic恐慌。林恩·哈雷尔说他紧张得甚至观众都能看到他心跳时胸部的起伏，这说明他极度恐慌，故D项正确。

11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场不完美的音乐会也不是灾难。A. unusual不寻常的；B. imperfect不完美的；C. invalid无效的；D. unpopular不受欢迎的。空前说要认识到不管一个人多么有才能，他都有可能犯错误，因此一场不完美的音乐会不是灾难，故B项正确。

12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，受怯场之苦的不仅仅是年轻艺术家。A. talented有才能的；B. unknown不知名的；C. young年轻的；D. experienced老练的。上文提到的学生和20岁时的林恩·哈雷尔都是年轻人，空后又说传奇钢琴家弗拉基米尔霍洛维茨的怯场也是出了名的，伟大的歌手弗朗哥·科雷利甚至要被搭档推上舞台才能表演，因此不是只有年轻的艺术家才怯场，故C项正确。

13.考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，成功会让事情变得更糟。A. Actually实际上；B. Certainly当然；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Similarly相似地。根据空后歌手琼·安德森所说的话可知，实际上，成功会让艺术家的怯场更加严重，故A项正确。

14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：歌手琼·安德森说：“在你职业生涯的初期，当你被吓死的时候，没有人认识你，他们也没有任何期望。” A. appreciation感激；B. contribution贡献；C. expectation期望；D. satisfaction满意。刚步入演艺生涯的时候，你还不出名，观众自然不会对你抱有什么期望，故C项正确。

15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：你害怕失去的东西也多了。A. learn学习；B. offer提供；C. say说；D. lose失去。后来，空前说随着你的名气越来越大，人们对你的期望也多了，所以你害怕失去的东西也多了，故D项正确。