Question

    It is interesting to see that the force of only 6 or 7 people pushing in the same direction can cause up to 1,000 pounds of force—enough to break brick walls. During a fatal stampede (蜂拥), people can even die standing up. People die when pressure is put to their bodies in a front to back direction, causing them not to be able to breathe.

If you are in a crowd, the first and most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and find different exits. No matter where you are, make sure you always know how to get out.

Make yourself aware of the type of the ground you are standing on, and know that in a crowd of moving people wet ground can cause you to fall.

When in danger, a few seconds can make a difference, giving you the possibility of making use of your escaping route. Always stay closer to the escape route. If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd, do not fight against the pressure and do not stand still or sit down, because you can easily get trampled (踩踏). Instead, move in the same direction of the crowd; make use of any space that may open up to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.

Keep your hands up by your chest, like a boxer—it gives you movement and protects your chest. If you fall, get up quickly. If you can’t get up because you are injured, get someone to pull you up. If you have kids, lift them up. If you fall and cannot get up, keep moving in the same direction of the crowd, or if that is not possible, then cover your head with your arms; do not lie on your stomach or back.

1.Why may people in a stampede die standing up?

A.They can’t breathe freely.

B.They push in the same direction.

C.They are not able to get up.

D.They aren’t familiar with the surroundings.

2.What does the underlined word n fatal” mean in the first paragraph?

A.Harmful. B.Shocking.

C.Deadly. D.Hateful.

3.What should we do to make a difference when in danger?

A.Fight against the pressure.

B.Stand still where you are.

C.Sit down covering your head.

D.Move along the escape route.

4.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the passage?

A.How to stay far away from a crowd.

B.What to do when you are in a crowd.

C.Where to go when you are in danger.

D.How to get along with a big crowd.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在处于人群中时，应该如何去做以防意外发生。

1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People die when pressure is put to their bodies in a front to back direction, causing them not to be able to breathe.”可知，发生拥挤事件时，站着的人们要承受前后方向的压力，导致他们无法呼吸时，就会死亡。所以什么人们会站着死亡是因为他们不能自由呼吸。故选A项。

2.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“people can even die standing up”可知，有些人甚至站着死去，可见这种蜂拥事件一定是致命的，由此可知画线词词义为“致命的”，故选C项。

3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When in danger, a few seconds can make a difference, giving you the possibility of making use of your escaping route.”可知，遇到危险的时候，几秒钟就可以有很大的影响，让你有机会利用你的逃生路线，因此面对危险时要沿着逃生路线移动，故选D项。

4.主旨大意题。由第二段，三段，四段，五段“If you are in a crowd, the first and most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and find different exits. Make yourself aware of the type of the ground you are standing on, and know that in a crowd of moving people wet ground can cause you to fall. When in danger, a few seconds can make a difference, giving you the possibility of making use of your escaping route. Keep your hands up by your chest, like a boxer—it gives you movement and protects your chest”可知，如果你在人群中，首先也是最重要的是让自己熟悉周围的环境，找到不同的出口。让你自己意识到你所站的地面的类型，并且知道在一群移动的人当中，潮湿的地面会导致你摔倒。当遇到危险时，几秒钟的时间就可以改变情况，让你有机会利用你的逃生路线。把你的手放在胸前，就像拳击手一样——这样可以让你活动，保护你的胸部。所以短文主要在介绍在处于人群中时，应该如何去做以防意外发生。故选B项。