Question

    I was in the garden with Augie, my grandson, watching the bees. “How do they make honey?” Augie asked. “Actually, Augie, I don’t know,” I replied. “But, Grandmom, you have your phone,” he said. For Augie, holding a smartphone almost means knowing everything.

During my childhood I was crazy about a powerful device（设备）that transports the user to an alternate reality. I spent most of my waking hours on it, unaware of the world around me. The device was, of course, the book. Over time, reading hijacked（控制）my brain, as large areas once processing the real world adapted to processing the printed word. As far as I can tell, this early immersion（沉浸）didn’t prevent my development, but it did leave me with some illusions（幻想）– my idea of romantic love surely came from novels.

Many parents worry that “screen time” will damage children’s development, but recent research suggests that most of the common fears about children and screens are unfounded. There is one exception: looking at screens before bed really disturbs sleep, in people of all ages. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) used to recommend strict restrictions（限制）on screen exposure（暴露）. Last year, the organization examined the relevant science more thoroughly and changed its recommendations. The new guidelines emphasize that what matters is content and context, what children watch and with whom.

New tools have always led to panicky（紧张不安的）guesses. The novel, the telephone, and the television were all declared to be the End of Civilization, particularly in the hands of the young. Part of the reason may be that adult brains require a lot of focus and effort to learn something new, while children’s brains are designed to master new environments naturally. New technologies always seem disturbing to the adults attempting to master them, and transparent and obvious – not really technology at all – to those children like Augie.

When Augie’s father got home, Augie rushed to meet him and said in excitement. “Daddy, Daddy, look,” he said, reaching for my phone. “Do you know how bees make honey? I’ll show you…”

1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A.To introduce a topic. B.To present an argument.

C.To clarify（表明）the author’s writing purpose. D.To give information on main characters.

2.What can be learned about the author?

A.She had an unhappy childhood. B.She was interested in reading novels.

C.She was addicted to an electronic device. D.She paid much attention to the real world.

3.What does the AAP probably advise people to do?

A.Limit children’s screen time. B.Don’t chat online with strangers.

C.Don’t stare at a screen before bedtime. D.Guide children on their screen devices.

4.In the author’s opinion, why do adults react to new things differently from children?

A.They don’t want to change.

B.Their learning ability decreases with age.

C.They have no desire for the dynamic world.

D.Their learning methods differ from children’s.

5.What might be the author’s attitude to “screen time”?

A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.

C.Disapproving（反对的）. D.Contradictory（相互矛盾的）.

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.D

5.B

【解析】

本文是议论文。作者认为，手机和电脑是现代人获取知识的重要工具，我们要做的不是禁止孩子们使用，而是对其进行必要的引导。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...holding a smartphone almost means knowing everything.”中通过与孙子的对话，提出现代社会孩子也会常用手机学习。和下文对“是否应该禁止孩子们使用手机、电脑等设备”的论述可推断出，作者在第一段中通过与孙子的对话引出了本文将要讨论的话题。故选A。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“During my childhood I was crazy about a powerful device（设备）that transports the user to an alternate reality. I spent most of my waking hours on it, unaware of the world around me. The device was, of course, the book. Over time, reading hijacked（控制）my brain”以及“my idea of romantic love surely came from novels.”可知，作者小时把大部分时间放在书本上，忘却了周围的世界。随着时间的推移，阅读控制了大脑...我对浪漫爱情的看法肯定来自小说。由此可推断出作者小时候很喜欢读小说。故选B项。

3.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) used to recommend strict restrictions（限制）on screen exposure（暴露）. Last year, the organization examined the relevant science more thoroughly and changed its recommendations. The new guidelines emphasize that what matters is content and context, what children watch and with whom.” 美国儿科学会（AAP）曾建议严格限制屏幕曝光。去年，该组织对相关科学进行了更彻底的审查，并修改了建议。新的指导方针强调，重要的是看的内容和情境、以及孩子们看的什么、和谁一起看。由此可推断出，American Academy of Pediatrics 认为影响孩子们的是“看什么”和“和谁看”，而不是“看多久”，因此家长应当在孩子们使用电脑，手机等屏幕设备时要进行引导，故选D。

4.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Part of the reason may be that adult brains require a lot of focus and effort to learn something new, while children’s brains are designed to master new environments naturally”可知，成年人学习新事物需要专注和努力，而小孩子则是很自然就掌握了新知识，这两种不同的学习方式导致了二者对新事物所表现出的不同的态度。分析选项可知，D项（成年人的学习方法不同于孩子）符合题意，故选D。

5.推理判断题。本文第一段提出现代的孩子离不开手机和电脑等，那么到底是否应该禁止孩子们用手机和电脑？接着下文用事实来说明对孩子使用手机的担心是没有必要的。影响孩子们的是“看什么”和“和谁看”，而不是“看多久”，因此家长应当在孩子们使用电脑，手机等屏幕设备时要进行正确引导。以及最后一段Augie rushed to meet him and said in excitement. “Daddy, Daddy, look,” he said, reaching for my phone. “Do you know how bees make honey? I’ll show you...。奥吉和父亲的对话可知，作者认为孩子用手机能学到知识，是有好处的，因此是持支持态度的。分析选项可知B项（Supportive），故选B。