Question

    A study has found that middle-aged and older adults who live in greener neighborhoods have a decreased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (代谢综合征) such as obesity, hypertension (高血压) and high blood sugar.

The study, published in Environmental Pollution, was conducted by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal). It differed from previous studies on the health benefits of green spaces in that it examined all of the symptoms of metabolic syndrome together collectively rather than as individual components. Having metabolic syndrome increases a person’s risk for heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes, according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.

The study from ISGlobal examined data from clinical examinations of over 6,000 British adults who were between 45 and 69 years old when the study began. The data was derived from four examinations participants went through between 1997 and 2013 that included blood analyses, blood pressure and measurements of weight. “These findings suggest that long-term exposure to green spaces can play an important role in preventing metabolic syndrome as a whole,” according to a press release published by ISGlobal.

The correlation between nearness to green spaces and better health could be associated with the expanded opportunities for physical recreation and lower exposure to air pollution, according to Carmen de Keijzer, ISGlobal researcher and principal author of the study.

Female subjects were more likely than males to exhibit the study’s association between living in greener neighborhoods and having fewer metabolic symptoms. “Women tend to spend more time in their residential neighborhood, which could explain this gender difference,” de Keijzer said. “We need greener cities if we want healthier cities.” de Keijzer added.

1.What do we know about the study from the first two paragraphs?

A.Young people were not included in the study.

B.Symptoms were examined one by one.

C.It was a joint effort of several institutes.

D.It was the first of its kind in decades.

2.What does the underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.Departed. B.Arrived.

C.Gained. D.Demanded.

3.Why do women have fewer metabolic symptoms?

A.Because they differ in gender.

B.Because they live in greener cities.

C.Because they live in healthier cities.

D.Because they stay more in where they live.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Greener Neighborhoods, Fewer Metabolic Symptoms.

B.Women Having Fewer Metabolic Symptoms.

C.Metabolic Syndrome Increasing Heart Disease.

D.Living in Greener and Healthier Cities.

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】

是一篇说明文。本文介绍了居住在绿色社区和代谢症状之间的联系，一项研究发现，居住在绿色社区的中老年人患上肥胖、高血压和高血糖等代谢综合征的风险降低．更环保的社区，更少的代谢症状．

1.细节理解题。根据第一段A study has found that middle﹣aged and older adults who live in greener neighborhoods have a decreased risk of developing metabolic syndrome （代谢综合征） such as obesity， hypertension（高血压）and high blood sugar。一项研究发现，居住在绿色社区的中老年人患上肥胖、高血压和高血糖等代谢综合征的风险降低．可知范围是middle﹣aged ，是中老年人，故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据The data was derived from four examinations participants went through between 1997 and 2013 that included blood analyses， blood pressure and measurements of weight。这些数据来自于参与者在1997年至2013年间进行的四项检查，包括血液分析、血压和体重测量。可知数据是从参与者中获得的，故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句Female subjects were more likely than males to exhibit the study's association between living in greener neighborhoods and having fewer metabolic symptoms． "Women tend to spend more time in their residential neighborhood， which could explain this gender difference，"女性受试者比男性更有可能展示出这项研究在居住在绿色社区和代谢症状较少之间的联系。"女性倾向于在居住自己住的地方，这可以解释这种性别差异，可知她们更多的呆在自己住的地方，故选D。

4.主旨大意题。A．更环保的社区，更少的代谢症状；B．有较少代谢症状的妇女；C．代谢综合征增加心脏病；D．住在更绿色、更健康的城市里。根据上下文可知居住在绿色社区的中老年人患上肥胖、高血压和高血糖等代谢综合征的风险降低。所以更环保的社区，更少的代谢症状，故选A。