Question

    Peter Ripken loves literature and reads books by writers all over the world. He learned years ago that not all nations permit writers to express themselves freely. In fact, free expression can be quite dangerous in many places.

So, Ripken decided to act. He helped establish an organization, the International Cities of Refuge Network (ICORN), to protect writers. Its founders sought to persuade cities, not central governments, to give refuge to persecuted(受迫害的)writers. He was involved right from the beginning, from the mid-1990s, to set up this program.

Originally, he had a different view of his future as a young man. He thought of becoming a bookseller because of his reading obsession when he was 15. But he did not become a bookseller. Instead, in the late 1960s, Ripken began a five year stint as a manager in an aid organization working in Africa. But his love for the written word remained strong. He then worked for three years as a deputy editor for the Africa section at the Voice of Germany. Despite his love for the job, when asked to join an organization promoting African, Asian and Latin American literature, Ripken didn’t hesitate. He had fun travelling to literature conferences and holding workshops with publishers and authors. That’s why he did the job for 20 years.

Ripken grew up reading German authors. But his interest broadened to other European and American literature. Then, he found what he called books "outside the norm(常态)". This helped grow his interest in political developments in other regions.

In 2016，Ripken retired after several years as ICORN’s chairman. But he is still active in the organization. His goal is to increase the group’s capacity to protect and promote writers and artists at risk around the world. He said he hoped to be remembered as somebody who had promoted creativity and supported literature as a political tool and source of enjoyment.

1.What’s the role of Ripken in the development of ICORN?

A.A monitor. B.A co-founder.

C.A consultant. D.An analyst.

2.What might Ripken work as in 1975?

A.A bookseller. B.A manager.

C.A deputy editor. D.A staff in ICORN.

3.What contributes to Ripken’s active involvement in ICORN?

A.He grew up reading German authors.

B.He loved travelling and meeting people.

C.He’s obsessed with literature all over the world.

D.He concerned himself about political developments via literature.

4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the passage?

A.Why politics influences literature.

B.Why literature itself is a pleasure.

C.How ICORN has become so international.

D.How people read works of literature "outside the norm".

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.B

【解析】

本文为人物介绍。本文主要介绍了Peter Ripken如何支持文学的发展。

1.细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句"He helped establish an organization， The International Cities of Refuge Network （ ICORN），to protect writers"可知，Peter Ripken 帮助建立了ICORN 组织以保护作家。所以他是该组织的共同创建者。故选B。

2.细节理解题。由文章第三段第四句in the late 1960s, Ripken began a five year stint as a manager …. 和第六句He then worked for three years as a deputy editor …. 的内容可知，在20世纪60年代末，Ripken开始在非洲的一个援助组织担任经理并且任职五年，随后他在《德国之音》非洲分部担任了三年副主编。由此推断，1975年Ripken可能做副主编工作。故选C。

3.推理判断题。由文章第四段最后一句"This helped grow his interest in political developments in other regions"及最后一段可知，Ripken提高了对其他地区的政治发展的兴趣，并且他支持把文学作为一种政治工具，即他通过文学对政治产生了兴趣，所以他即使退休了也仍然活跃在ICORN组织中。故选D。

4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句He said he hoped to be remembered as somebody who had promoted creativity and supported literature as a political tool and source of enjoyment.可知，Ripken希望人们记住他是提倡创造力和支持文学作为一种政治工具和快乐源泉的人。文中第四段和第五段谈到了政治，那么接下来的文段应该要说明文学是快乐的来源这一方面。故选B。