Question

    1. When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. Dr. Kerr says. "For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”

What good is fear?

2. It tells a person to hide, run away, or defend oneself. Faster heartbeat and breathing send more blood and oxygen to the muscles so they are ready when they are needed. Stress chemicals can make a person more alert.

Our memories also help protect us. We keep a close eye on babies because they don't understand what might hurt them. As babies grow, they learn what's unsafe, their brains store those memories. Then their brains use fear to warn them of dangers. "We don't want to be fearless; Dr. Kerr says. “3.!”

Too much can be harmful

Experiences can lead to long-lasting fears that may stop a person from trying new things. We^’re born with the ability to feel fear, but a lot of what we're afraid of is learned.

"Being afraid doesn't mean you’re weak," Dr. Kerr says. A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again. 4. Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other

things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.

How to feel less afraid

Many people have beat their own fears. Here is one method: Instead of listening to their imagination, they learn the facts about anything that seems scary. 5..

Dr. Kerr grew up on a farm. As a seven-year-old, she was scared of black bears in the woods. Later, she read about them. " Understanding the facts gave me a sense of confidence, she says. "I knew for sure what to do if I ever met with a bear and how to protect myself."

A. Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid

B. Being scared is not always a bad thing

C. Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe

D. That is why our brain works faster in time of danger

E. It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous

F. Some people are scared to death by his own shadow at night

G. If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.E

4.G

5.A

【解析】

本文为说明文。文章主要说明我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时会恐惧，但恐惧并不总是坏事，恐惧有时是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具，危险来临，恐惧会使人躲起来，逃跑，或者自卫。但太多的恐惧可能有害，可能会阻止一个人尝试新事物。因此有时我们要克服自己的恐惧，不要想象恐惧的事，还要了解恐惧的原因，用知识减少恐惧。

1.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空格后的内容“When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”可知，当我们遇到一些我们不熟悉或令人恐惧的事情时，我们的大脑和身体开始做出改变。对一些人来说，选择被吓到可能是有趣的。可知，本空格是说恐惧并不总是坏事。分析选项可知B项Being scared is not always a bad thing（恐惧并不总是件坏事）符合题意，故选B。

2.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上句的问题“What good is fear?” 恐惧有什么好处？可知，本空格是回答这个问题的。分析选项可知C项Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe（恐惧是大脑用来保护身体安全的工具）正是对此问题的回答。放入句中，与题意一致，故选C项。

3.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。分析空格前本段内容可知，恐惧会告诉人们躲藏、逃跑或自卫，心跳和呼吸加快会向肌肉输送更多的血液和氧气。对于恐惧的记忆也有助于保护我们。大脑利用储存的恐惧来提醒人们有危险。正如克尔博士说的我们不想无所畏惧。因此本空格是对前面内容的总结，即恐惧可以使人“对于危险是什么要有一个正确的认识”。分析选项可知E项It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous（对什么是危险有一个健康的认识是好的）符合题意，故选E。

4.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“Too much can be harmful”太多的恐惧可能是有害的。空格前“A long-lasting fear can mean you’ve had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.” 长期的恐惧意味着你经历了一次糟糕的经历，你的大脑不想让你再经历一次。以及空格后“Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.”其他人可能对狗没有特别的恐惧，但可能害怕其他的东西。可知，空格处可能与被狗有关。分析选项可知G项If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs（如果狗咬了人，那人可能会害怕所有的狗）与狗有关。把G项放入空格处，意义一致。故选G项。

5.考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的小标题为“How to feel less afraid”如何减少恐惧感。可知，小标题以下的内容就是对这个问题的回答。分析选项可知A项Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid（知识可以帮助一个人减轻恐惧）就是对这个问题的一个回答。故选A。