Question

    Everybody sleeps, but what people stay up late to catch or wake up early in order not to miss varies by culture. From data collected, it seems the things that cause us to lose the most sleep, on average, are sporting events, time changes, and holidays.

Russia’s late nights and early mornings generally correspond(相一致)to public holidays. On New Year’s Eve, Russians have the world’s latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m. Russians also get up an hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for treating and celebrating female relatives.

Similarly, Americans’ late nights, late mornings, and longest sleep fall on three-day weekends.

Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey(冰球)final.

The World Cup is also chiefly responsible for sleep deprivation. The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. British people stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the World Cup.

It should be made clear that not everyone has a tool to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who select to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious (注重健康的) among us have such deep swings(明显改变)in our sleep levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?

1.What do we learn about the Russians regarding sleep?

A.They don’t fall asleep until very late.

B.They don’t sleep much on weekends.

C.They get less sleep on public holidays.

D.They sleep longer than people elsewhere.

2.The underlined word “deprivation” in the last paragraph but one means_______.

A.depression B.trouble

C.observation D.loss

3.Why do some rich people use a tool to record their sleep patterns?

A.They want to get more sleep.

B.They have trouble falling asleep.

C.They are involved in a sleep research.

D.They want to go to bed on regular hours.

4.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?

A.It is important to study our sleep patterns.

B.Few people really know the importance of sleep.

C.Sleeplessness does harm to people’s health.

D.Average people probably sleep more than the rich.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。人们熬夜或早起的原因各不相同。从收集到的数据来看，体育赛事、时间改变、假期等因素让我们失去最多的睡眠。这个数据令人震惊，然而却几乎没人意识到睡眠对我们是多么的重要。

1.推理判断题。根据第二段Russia's late nights and early mornings generally correspond to public holidays. On New Year's Eve, Russians have the world's latest bedtime, hitting the hay at around 3:30 a. m.(在公共假日，俄罗斯人通常熬夜和早起。除夕之夜，俄罗斯人有了世界上最迟的就寝时间，大约凌晨3点30分睡觉。)可知，俄罗斯人在公共假期睡的非常少。分析选项可知C项（他们在公共假日睡眠较少）符合题意，故选C项。

2.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的The worst night for sleep in the U. K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14. Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning接着讲述世界杯期间，英国人比平常晚睡半小时又比平常早起，可知由于世界杯赛时很多人的睡眠少了，即世界杯是造成英国人睡眠不足的主要原因。可推知stayed up a half-hour later to watch it,… woke up earlier than usual the next morning和loss关系。故选D项。

3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的…. not everyone has a tool to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who select to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person.(不是每个人都有记录睡眠模式的工具；在这些国家中，可能只有最富有的人才会这样做。选择跟踪自己睡眠的人可能会试图比普通人睡得更多。)可知，一些富人使用工具来记录他们的睡眠模式就是为了比一般人睡的多点。分析选项可知C项（想有充足的睡眠）符合题意，故选A项。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Even if that's the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most health-conscious among us have such deep swings in our shut-eye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?(尽管如此，上述发现仍然令人震惊。如果我们当中最有健康意识的人一年中的睡眠水平有如此剧烈的波动，那么我们其余的人会失去多少睡眠呢？)可推断出，很少有人意识到睡眠的重要性，故选B。