Question

    What do people in the outside world do when they want to learn something? They go to somebody who knows about it, and ask him. They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything ---except, when they are very young, to their parents: and they speedily become dissatisfied with that variety of knowledge. They go to somebody who might reasonably expected to know about the particular thing they are interested in, When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: “Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?" He does not look in the telephone directory under T. He just gets an experienced driver to teach him. He just pays attention and asks questions and tries to do the thing himself, until he learns.

But this case, of course, assumes an interest of the pupil in the subject, a willingness and even a desire to learn about it, a feeling that the matter is of some importance to himself. And come to think of it, these motives are generally present in the learning that goes on in the outside world. It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.

When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play "The Rock of Ages" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you. There's no doubt what you would think of him; you would know perfectly well that he was crazy; people don't do things in that way anywhere in the world, except in school.

And even if he had assured you that what were taught were later in your life going to be matters of the deepest importance and interest, and that you should start in now with the determination of becoming proficient in them, it would not have helped much. Not very much. It's nonsense that children do not want to learn. Everybody wants to learn. And everybody wants to teach. And the process is going on all the time. All that is necessary is to put a person who

knows something---really knows it---within the curiosity-range of someone who doesn't know it: the process begins at once, It is almost irresistible

If there were no teachers---no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything---but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing---we might get along with our learning pretty well, Of course, we'd have to pay them more, because they could get other jobs out in the larger world; and besides, you couldn't expect to get somebody who knows how to do something, for the price you are accustomed to pay those who only know how to

teach everything,

1.What does the author mainly want to say with this article?

A.An education without teachers is unimaginable,

B.A teacher who knows everything is more welcome,

C.School teachers are far from satisfactory and necessary,

D.We have paid too much for teachers for school education.

2.What does the underlined "somebody" in the first paragraph refer to?

A.A teacher. B.A parent.

C.A man in the outside world. D.A man like the blacksmith,

3.What happened in the "new shop" mentioned in paragraph 3?

A.Useless subjects like painting and poetry, sculpture and music were taught.

B.The man at work became crazy with so many subjects to deal with.

C.One man teaching everything influenced the efficiency of learning.

D.Children listened carefully and often discussed about what is taught with others.

4.According to the author, which of the following can we infer?

A.Teachers are not as useful as parents in helping a child to learn,

B.Schools are the places killing students' interest and willingness to learn,

C.Learning life related skills like blacksmithing is more important than arts.

D.Teachers are ordinary human beings who know thoroughly everything.

5.Which of the following figures of speech(修辞手法) are used in the article?

a. exemplification(举例)    

b. exaggeration(夸张)

c. personification(拟人)     

d. irony(讽刺)      

e. analogy (类比)

A.abc B.ade

C.bcd D.cde

6.In the last paragraph, the author mainly _______.

A.introduces a new idea B.raises a new question

C.gives some new evidence D.stresses his viewpoint

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.C

4.B

5.B

6.D

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。学生的学习动机通常存在外部世界的学习中，在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习，固定模式的学校教育显然不能满足于孩子对知识的渴望。学校教师远非令人满意和必要。

1.主旨大意题。由最后一段“If there were no teachers---no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything---but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing---we might get along with our learning pretty well.”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习。所以作者通过这篇文章主要想说学校教师远非令人满意和必要。故选C项。

2.词义猜测题。由第一段“They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything ---except, when they are very young, to their parents”可知，他们不会去问什么都知道的人——这不包括他们很小的时候，去找他们的父母。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这个什么都知道的人是除了父母之外的人也就是老师。故选A项。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play "The Rock of Ages" on a flute”可知，当你往开着的门里看时，你看到一个人正在工作，正在画画；假设就在这时，一个铃响了，那个人停止了绘画，开始大声朗读“他们是如何把好消息从根特带到艾克斯的”；假设当他读到一半时，铃又响了，他说，“我们明天继续，”并开始用凿子雕刻一块大理石的表面；然后，过了一会儿，有点累了，开始用笛子吹奏《时代之石》。所以通过这个教学过程可以判断出，一个人教所有的东西影响了学习的效率。故选C项。

4.推理判断题。由第二段“It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.”可知，只有在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习。由此推断出学校是扼杀学生学习兴趣和意愿的地方。故选B项。

5.推理判断题。由第一段“When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: “Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?" ”可知，短文主要运用了举例的修辞手法，说明当一个人想学习新事物时的求助对象。由第三段“When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, "We will go on with that tomorrow," and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play "The Rock of Ages" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you.”可知，本段将铁匠埔和新店进行了类比，来类比两种教育模式，并以讽刺的修辞方法描述了新店的教育模式。综合选项。故选B项。

6.推理判断题。由最后一段“If there were no teachers---no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything---but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing---we might get along with our learning pretty well”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习”所以最后一段在强调作者的观点“学校教师远非令人满意和必要”。故选D项。