Question

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In 2017, eleven million deaths worldwide were linked to people eating diets high 1. sugar, salt and processed meat. Those foods were partly 2. (blame) for heart disease, cancer and diabetes, a new study found.

The findings 3. (report) in the publication The Lancet. Researchers considered 15 dietary elements and found that the consumption of foods such as nuts and seeds, milk and whole grains 4. on average too low.

“The poor diet is responsible for more deaths than  5. other risk factor in the world,” said Chris Murray, 6. (direct) of the Institute for Health Metrics (指标) and evaluation at the University of Washington, 7. led the work. The study found people ate only 12 percent of the 8. (recommend) amount of nuts and seeds — an average intake of 3 grams a day. For good health, experts say, you should eat 21 grams of nuts and seeds every day.

Another study published in January suggested 9. “ideal diet” for the health of people and the planet, which would include a doubling of the consumption of nuts, fruits, and vegetables. Such a diet would also include 10. (reduce) the amount of meat and sugar consumed by half.

Answer

1.in

2.to blame

3.were reported

4.was

5.any

6.director

7.which

8.recommended

9.an

10.reducing

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了2017年，全球有1100万人因食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类而死亡。今年1月发表的另一项研究表明，为了人类和地球的健康，一份“完美的饮食”应该包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的消费量增加一倍。

1.考查介词。句意：2017年，全世界有1100万人的死亡与食用高糖、高盐和高加工肉类有关。表示“在……方面”用介词in。故填in。

2.考查固定搭配。句意：一项新的研究发现，这些食物是导致心脏病、癌症和糖尿病的部分原因。固定短语be to blame for“应该为某事负责任，对……应负责任”。故填to blame。

3.考查时态和语态。句意：这些发现在《柳叶刀》出版物上被报道。 分析句子成分可知，主语为The findings，此处缺少谓语，时态是一般过去时，且该用被动语态。故填were reported。

4.考查主谓一致。句意：……发现坚果、种子、牛奶和全谷物等食物的平均消耗量过低。分析句子成分可知，主语为the consumption of foods，谓语动词应用单数，时态为一般过去时。故填was。

5.考查固定搭配。句意：“世界上，饮食不良导致的死亡比任何其他风险因素都要多，”Chris Murray说。此处是“形容词比较级+than+any other+名词”用法。故填any。

6.考查名词。句意：克里斯•默里，是华盛顿大学健康指标与评估研究所所长。根据of the Institute可知此处要用名词，做 Chris Murray的同位语，独一无二的头衔、职位的名称，做同位语零冠词。故填director。

7.考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：领导这项研究的华盛顿大学健康指标与评估研究所所长克里斯•默里。分析句子可知，非限制性定语从句的先行词为the Institute for Health Metrics and evaluation at the University of Washington，从句中作主语，应该用which作为关系词。故填which。

8.考查句意：研究发现，人们每天平均摄入的坚果和种子量仅为被推荐量的12%，即3克。此处要用形容词修饰名词amount“数量”，形容词recommended“被推荐的”符合题意。故填recommended。

9.考查冠词。句意：今年1月发表的另一项研究建议，为了人类和地球的健康，应该有一种“理想的饮食”，其中包括将坚果、水果和蔬菜的摄入量增加一倍。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰“ideal diet”，且形容词ideal为元音音素开头。故填an。

10.考查非谓语动词。句意：这样的饮食还包括减少一半的肉类和糖分的摄入量。分析句子成分可知，谓语为would include，reduce是宾语部分，include后用动名词doing形式作宾语。故填reducing。