Question

    If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a “lesson” in sorting garbage (垃圾分类), as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting rules.

It’s  now  required that  people  should  sort  garbage  into  four  groups,  namely  recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.

More cities are introducing similar rules, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems will have been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People’s Daily.

According to a study by the Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy, under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment.

However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants(参加者) said they think they are adequately sorting their garbage, the study noted.

According to Xinhua News Agency, it’s partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some garbage rules didn’t give clear fines for people who failed to sort garbage.

“It’s a must to have a legal guarantee (法律保障) to support garbage sorting,” Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University, told China Daily.

Liu Xinyu, a researcher of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, told China Daily that the importance of the new rules in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone.

Besides China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting rules. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill, reported Xinhua. There is a fixed time to deal with each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and being sentenced in prison.

In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific groups, reported HuffPost. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow dustbins for plastic and metals and blue dustbins for paper and cardboard.

1.What do we know about garbage sorting in Shanghai?

A.People should put their garbage into two groups.

B.People will be fined 200 yuan each time they break the rules.

C.Shanghai is the first city to introduce garbage-sorting rules in the world.

D.It sets an example for many other cities in China.

2.What does the underlined phrase “result in” mean?

A.put off B.lead to C.turn in D.cut down

3.The main point of the passage is   

A.Why garbage sorting is important.

B.How other countries sort garbage.

C.Garbage sorting has started in China.

D.The world’s garbage problem is becoming worse.

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海的垃圾分类政策，这一政策可以有效的帮助改善环境，中国的很多城市以及很多其他国家已经开始效仿了。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“More cities are introducing similar rules, following the practice in Shanghai.”可知，越来越多的城市效仿上海的做法，出台了类似的规定。由此可推断出，上海给其他城市树立了榜样。结合选项，故选D。

2.词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段中“There is a fixed time to deal with each kind of garbage and littering can result in high fines and being sentenced in prison.”可知，每种垃圾都有固定的处理时间，乱扔垃圾会导致高额罚款并被判入狱。分析句意可知，“高额罚款并被判入狱”是乱扔垃圾的后果。故“result in”在此意为“导致”。结合选项，故选B。

3.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a “lesson” in sorting garbage (垃圾分类), as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting rules.”可知，如果你住在上海，你可能得上一堂垃圾分类的“课”，因为上海最近出台了新的垃圾分类规则。以及文章倒数第二段中“Besides China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting rules.”可知，除中国外，许多其他国家也出台了垃圾分类规则。由此可知，文章主要讲述了上海的垃圾分类政策，除中国之外，很多其他国家已经开始效仿了。结合选项，故选C。