Question

    Ten years ago, Facebook was a coding project in Mark Zuckerberg’s dorm room. Now it’s an aggressive business with $4 billion of revenue that is used by one-eighth of the world’s population. Here are four main reasons why — reasons that _______ to almost every business.

1. Move fast.

Mark Zuckerberg built the first _______ of Facebook in his spare time in his Harvard dorm room. He didn’t write a business plan. He didn’t _______ ask friends and advisors what they thought of the idea. He didn’t “research the market,” apply for patents or trademarks, assemble focus groups, or do any of the other things that entrepreneurs are _______ to do. He just built a cool product quickly and _______ it. And Facebook was born.

2. Keep it simple.

Many companies get so obsessed with all the amazing _______ they want to build into their products that they make their products too complex for anyone to figure out how to use them. The Facebook team kept improving the design of the product, however, each time, they made sure that the service was still _______ to use.

3. Make your primary focus the product, not the “business” or “shareholder value.”

Mark Zuckerberg was famously _______ in Facebook’s business in the early days. In fact, he focused all of his energy on Facebook’s product. This product obsession went so far that Zuckerberg continually _______ advertising clients, because he didn’t want ads to mess up the service. As Facebook grew, Zuckerberg ________ his focus on the product. When Facebook was preparing to go public, Zuckerberg wrote a letter to shareholders in which he stated the company’s intention to focus on its “social mission” first and its business second, wishing them to ________ with him in that regard.

4. Get really really good at hiring… and really really good at firing.

The ________ of a company has nothing to do with its technology or current products. It has more to do with its people. And building a great team means two things: hiring well, and firing well. It’s easy to understand how to hire well. Firing well is also ________. A hiring mistake is unavoidable. In Facebook’s early days, the company made lots of hiring mistakes, but it ________ them quickly. ________ if your company is growing rapidly, it will eventually outgrow some of your early executives—and you’ll need to replace them.

1.A.apply B.relate C.attach D.persist

2.A.pattern B.version C.outline D.variety

3.A.presently B.hastily C.endlessly D.eventually

4.A.intended B.supposed C.trained D.urged

5.A.pushed B.provided C.granted D.launched

6.A.features B.operation C.skills D.objects

7.A.difficult B.easy C.feasible D.accessible

8.A.fascinated B.absorbed C.hesitant D.uninterested

9.A.called in B.sent for C.asked after D.turned away

10.A.switched B.lasted C.maintained D.extended

11.A.identity B.sympathize C.involve D.permit

12.A.admiration B.outcome C.strength D.purpose

13.A.efficient B.critical C.upright D.cruel

14.A.addressed B.dealt C.repaired D.corrected

15.A.In short B.In addition C.Even though D.As a result

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.B

5.D

6.C

7.B

8.D

9.D

10.C

11.A

12.C

13.B

14.A

15.B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了社交网站脸书创始人兼首席执行官马克•扎克伯格成功的四大因素。

1.考查动词短语辨析。句意：这里有四个主要的原因，它们适用于几乎所有的企业。A. apply to适用于；B. relate to涉及；C. attach to依附；D. persist to坚持。根据空后的“to almost every business.”可知，这几个原因适用于几乎所有的企业，故A项正确。

2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克·扎克伯格在哈佛的宿舍里利用业余时间设计出了第一个版本的脸书。A. pattern图案；B. version版本、译本；C. outline大纲；D. variety多样。根据空后的“of Facebook in his spare time in his Harvard dorm room.”可知，在哈佛读书期间，马克·扎克伯格利用业余时间设计出了第一个版本的脸书，故B项正确。

3.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他没有没完没了地问朋友和顾问们对这个主意的看法。A. presently目前；B. hastily匆忙地；C. endlessly不断地；D. eventually最终。根据本段小标题可知，本段主要讲的就是快速行动，因此他没有没完没了地问朋友和顾问们对这个主意的看法，而是马上行动起来，故C项正确。

4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有做市场调查，没有申请专利或商标，没有组织焦点小组，也没有做任何其他企业家应该做的事情。A. intended有意；B. supposed应该、认为；C. trained训练；D. urged催促。根据常识可知，市场调查、申请专利或商标、组织焦点小组都是企业家发布产品前应该做的事情，be supposed to表示“应该”，故B项正确。

5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很快就做了一个很酷的产品并发布了它。A. pushed推动；B. provided提供；C. granted授予；D. launched启动、发行。空后说脸书就这样诞生了，这说明他设计出了脸书并把它发布了，故D项正确。

6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多公司痴迷于在产品中融入所有令人惊叹的技术，以至于他们的产品过于复杂，任何人都不知道如何使用它们。A. features特征；B. operation操作；C. skills技能、技术；D. objects物体。空后说这使他们的产品过于复杂，结果任何人都不知道如何使用它们，这说明这些公司在自己的产品中融入了过多的技术，故C项正确。

7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：脸书团队不断改进产品的设计，但每一次他们都确保该服务仍然易于使用。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. feasible可行的；D. accessible可进入的、可接近的。上文说许多公司痴迷于在产品中融入所有令人惊叹的技术，以至于他们的产品过于复杂，任何人都不知道如何使用它们，而脸书团队追求简单，每一次改进技术后都确保该服务仍然易于使用，故B项正确。

8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马克·扎克伯格在早期对脸书的业务不感兴趣是出了名的。A. fascinated着迷的；B. absorbed全神贯注的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. uninterested不感兴趣的。空后说事实上，他把全部精力都放在了脸书的产品上，这说明马克·扎克伯格对脸书的业务并不感兴趣，故D项正确。

9.考查动词短语辨析。句意：马克·扎克伯格对产品的痴迷到了极点，以至于他不断拒绝广告客户，因为他不想广告扰乱服务。A. called in召来；B. sent for派人去请；C. asked after问候；D. turned away拒绝、避开。空后说他不想广告扰乱服务，这说明他拒绝了广告客户，故D项正确。

10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着脸书的发展，扎克伯格继续专注于产品。A. switched转变；B. lasted持续；C. maintained保持、继续；D. extended扩展。空后说当脸书准备上市时，扎克伯格给股东写了一封信，他在信中表示，公司打算首先专注于“社会使命”，其次才是业务，这说明扎克伯格继续专注于产品，故C项正确。

11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当脸书准备上市时，扎克伯格给股东写了一封信，他在信中表示，公司打算首先专注于“社会使命”，其次才是业务，并希望他们在这方面与他一致。A. identity身份；一致；B. sympathize同情；C. involve包含；D. permit许可。根据空后的“with him in that regard”可知，扎克伯格希望股东和他保持一致，首先专注于“社会使命”，其次才是业务，identity with表示“与……一致”，故A项正确。

12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一家公司的实力与它的技术或现有产品无关，而与它的员工的关系更大。A. admiration钦佩；B. outcome结果；C. strength力量；D. purpose意图。空后说建立一支优秀的团队意味着两件事：做好招聘工作和解雇工作，而团队是否优秀影响公司的实力，故C项正确。

13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做好解雇工作也很关键。A. efficient有效率的；B. critical关键的；C. upright直立的；D. cruel残忍的。上文说建立一支优秀的团队意味着两件事：做好招聘工作和解雇工作，因此做好解雇工作也是非常关键的，故B项正确。

14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在脸书的早期，公司犯了很多招聘错误，但很快就解决了。A. addressed设法解决；B. dealt应对；C. repaired修理；D. corrected更正。公司要发展，自然会解决在招聘过程中犯的错误，故A项正确。

15.考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，如果你的公司发展迅速，它最终会让你的一些早期高管离职——你需要替换他们。A. In short简言之；B. In addition此外；C. Even though即使；D. As a result结果。本段主要讲的是公司在用人方面的问题，空前介绍了一种情况：在脸书的早期，公司犯了很多招聘错误，但很快就解决了，此处介绍另外一种情况，用in addition引出另一种情况，故B项正确。