There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that---it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to" re-create forms and pieces" of food that are" exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability(可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids( 水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原 料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket, you' d eat something baked just for you on demand."
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste( 糊状物)before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are doubtful about food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
1.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?
A.It helps cooks to create new dishes.
B.It saves time and effort in cooking.
C.It improves the cooking conditions.
D.It contributes to restaurant decorations.
2.What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3?
A.It solves food shortages easily.
B.It quickens the transportation of food.
C.It needs no space for the storage of food.
D.It uses renewable materials as sources of food.
3.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?
A.The printing process is complicated.
B.3D food printers are too expensive.
C.Food materials have to be dried.
D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.
4.What could be the best title of the passage?
A.3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology
B.A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing
C.The Challenges for 3D Food Production
D.3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table
According to a new US study, couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as attentive as sons overall.
The research by Angelina Grigoryeva, from Princeton University, found that, while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage, men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.
Her analysis of the family networks of 26,000 old Americans concluded that gender(性别) is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.
In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco, she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care. Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a study which has been tracking a cross-section of over 50s for the last decade, she calculated that women provide an average of 12.3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5.6 hours.
"Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister, while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother."
"This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters."
In the UK, the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities, a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.
But many are doing so at the risk of their health. The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a fulltime job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.
1.According to the passage, what’s the most important factor to predict if people will actively care for the elderly?
A.Education. B.Gender. C.Career. D.Income.
2.The US study finds that_____.
A.having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents
B.sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age
C.sons are unwilling to leave caregiving responsibilities to their sisters
D.sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents
3.What does the author stress in the last paragraph?
A.People should give up their job to care for the elderly.
B.Many care providers work longer hours than others.
C.Many care providers have potential health problems.
D.People shouldn’t pass on caring responsibilities to others.
4.The author develops the text by _______.
A.explaining social networks of careers B.describing people' s experiences
C.analyzing various researches and data D.comparing different gender
The cost of living in countries like the U.S, Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed in recent years. However, if you’re willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.
Ecuador
Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the U. S. Dollar for their currency. In this country, it’s cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the U. S. You can even buy a building for around $50,000 and hire someone to look after it while you’re away.
Mexico
Although the country is known for its poverty ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide every facility you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.
Argentina
Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, a rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it’s not very expensive to live here. A decent sized home can cost around $139,000, which is relatively cheap in relation to homes in the United States.
Vietnam
Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million-dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest flat or a small home for around $25,000 to $50,000 if you search in the right areas.
1.How much does it cost to live in Mexico for a year?
A.About $12,000. B.About $7,000. C.About $8,000. D.About $8,800.
2.What do Argentina and Vietnam have in common?
A.They both have great restaurants.
B.The cost of living in them is both expensive.
C.Tourists enjoy travelling in the two countries.
D.The middle-sized homes both cost around $139,000.
3.In which country is the U.S Dollar used for its currency?
A.Ecuador. B.Mexico. C.Argentina. D.Vietnam.
The dream of many people is to leave their mark on the world however they can. This could be in countless different _______ , from coming up with a new invention to _______ starting a family. No matter what it is, _______ the world in some way is the purpose of many lives.
That’s _______ makes the Renaissance – an art period which centered in Italy between the 14th and 17th centuries — the era of _______.
When we hear the word “art”, it’s very likely that we’ll imagine a work from the Renaissance period. This w as a time when many believe art made a revival(复兴)— “renaissance”, _______, means to bring new life to something.
Take the works of Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci for example. His painting Mona Lisa became one of the best-known _______ on Earth. While many artists left their marks by bringing _______ to the world, Da Vinci did much more than that. The artist was fascinated with the study of human anatomy(解剖学)and even _______ time dissecting human bodies to help with his studies. Da Vinci also proved his __________ in many other areas, and he created sketches of ideas for many inventions, from bridges and machinery to even a helicopter and a robot.
The Renaissance also played host to many other great names in the world of art. Italian painter Raphael, for example, was another leader of this era. But his most famous work isn’t __________ on a w all today. __________, his masterpiece — the Raphael Rooms of Italy’s Palace of the Vatican — IS the w all. The walls and ceilings of the palace are filled with beautifully __________paintings of Bib le scenes, which he started as a young artist in 1508.
Religious works such as Raphael’s w ere the __________ style of the Renaissance period. We only have to look at the most iconic (标志性的)sculpture of that period — and perhaps __________— to realize that.
Italian artist Michelangelo’s sculpture David, __________ a Biblical character, was firstly shown in the 1500s. The sculpture has __________ years of exposure to the rain, having rocks throw n at it by protesters(抗议者), and even someone __________ it with a hammer in the 1990s. __________ all these, David is still standing strong and __________ today — a true symbol of the Renaissance.
1.A.ways B.places C.countries D.centuries
2.A.continuously B.simply C.occasionally D.finally
3.A.changing B.creating C.helping D.protecting
4.A.that B.this C.what D.it
5.A.world-makers B.world-users C.world-creators D.world-markers
6.A.in all B.at all C.after all D.of all
7.A.novels B.poems C.artworks D.dramas
8.A.honor B.beauty C.peace D.entertainment
9.A.devoted B.used C.enjoyed D.spent
10.A.greatness B.talents C.skills D.morals
11.A.showing B.hanging C.appearing D.shining
12.A.For example B.As a result C.Instead D.Moreover
13.A.detailed B.painted C.decorated D.described
14.A.famous B.common C.ordinary D.special
15.A.in no time B.at any time C.of all time D.at times
16.A.coming out B.adapted from C.based on D.named after
17.A.survived B.continued C.lived for D.experienced
18.A.making B.pushing C.correcting D.attacking
19.A.In addition to B.Generally speaking C.Due to D.In spite of
20.A.handsome B.gentle C.cautious D.proud
(2017·北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students.
A. to spend B. spend
C. spending D. spent
The little boy still needed the ________ 20 dollars to do with the things ________.
A.remaining; remained to be settled B.remaining; remaining to be settled
C.remained; remained to settle D.remained; remaining to settled
