Question

    A new study has found the amount of antibiotics（抗生素）given to farm animals is expected to increase by two-thirds over the next 15 years. Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat, milk and eggs. However, the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotic-resistant infections（感染）. Such infections are already a major public, health concern in the United States.

The World Health Organization notes when people stop living in poverty（贫困）, the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money. For most people, that means their diet should contain more meat. With the rapid development of Asia, people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and other milk products as they did 50 year ago.

To meet the need, farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces. As the animals are crowded together, the easiest way to deal with some of the problems of crowding is to give them antibiotics. It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster. But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually.

Nowadays, doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work. The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs. The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. In the United States, at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year and at least 23,000 die from an infection.

Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth. And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose.

1.What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals?

A.The desire for new drugs. B.The less effective antibiotics.

C.The outdated farm technology. D.The need for more various foods.

2.What do most people want to do first when they get rid of poverty according to the WHO?

A.Making a lot of money. B.Focusing more on health.

C.Having more meat in their diet. D.Living in a better environment.

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.Antibiotics do harm to animals.

B.Antibiotics help animals stay healthy.

C.Antibiotics are used heavily in Europe.

D.Antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to people.

4.What's the passage mainly about?

A.A new way of raising farm animals.

B.The advantages of using antibiotics.

C.The reason for banning the use of antibiotics.

D.The negative effect of antibiotics in farm animals.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.D

4.D

【解析】

本文主要讲述了随着生活水平的提高，人们对肉的需求量也是大幅上升。因此越来越多的抗生素被注入动物体内，以此来增加肉的供应量。但是抗生素的滥用也带了很多问题，人们食用这种肉后体内对药物产生抗体，每年有大量的人死于感染。所以现在一些欧美国家开始禁止在动物生长过程中注入抗生素。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“With the rapid development of Asia, people there are eating nearly four times as much meat, milk and other milk products as they did 50 year ago.”以及第三段中“It’s clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster.”可知，随着生活水平的提高，人们对肉的需求量也是大幅上升，而现在养殖动物是在非常拥挤的环境下，因此越来越多的抗生素被注入动物体内，以此来保证动物保持健康、生长迅速进而增加肉的供应量。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The World Health Organization notes when people stop living in poverty(贫困), the first thing they want to do is eat better, rather than earn more money.”可知，人们脱离贫困后的第一件事就是要吃得更好。故选C。

3.推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide. In the United States, at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year and at least 23,000 die from an infection.可知，抗生素在动物身上的大量使用导致了世界范围内抗生素耐药性的增长。在美国每年至少有两百万人感染了抗药性传染病，每年至少有23,000人死于感染，也就是抗药性扩散到人身上，故选D。

4.归纳概括题。本文主要讲述了随着人们对肉的需求量的大幅上升，越来越多的抗生素被注入动物体内，以此来增加肉的供应量。但是抗生素的滥用也带了很多问题。后半部分着重讲述了抗生素的滥用对人体的伤害以及部分国家对抗生素的限制，故选D。