Question

    Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. 1.

Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.

2.For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war.3.Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.

Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. 4. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.

5.So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.

A. Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together.

B. Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions.

C. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.

D. Understanding the basic persuasion techniques can put you ahead of the competition.

E. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.

F. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him.

G. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.F

4.E

5.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括气质、感伤、理性三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。

1.根据上文提示“说服是说服别人同意你的观点，就像艺术需要特殊的技巧才能完成一样。”承接上文，C项According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.（根据古希腊人的观点，说服有三种基本工具:气质、感伤和理性。）切题。故选C。

2.根据下文提示“例如，一个政治家试图说服观众投票给他，他可能会说，只有他才能把国家从一场可怕的战争中拯救出来。”承接下文，B项Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience’s emotions.（感伤是演讲者表达听众情感的一种方式。）切题。故选B。

3.根据上文提示“例如，一个政治家试图说服观众投票给他，他可能会说，只有他才能把国家从一场可怕的战争中拯救出来。”承接上文，F项These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him.（这些话的目的是让观众充满恐惧，从而让他们想要投票给他。）切题。该项中的These words指上句内容。故选F。

4.根据上文提示“理性是使用事实、数据或其他证据来支持你的论点。”再根据下文提示“提出这个证据比简单地说‘相信我’更有说服力。”承接上下文，E项An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.（如果你有令人信服的数据来支持你的说法，听众就会相信你。）切题。故选E。

5.根据下文提示“所以，下次你听演讲、看商业广告或听朋友劝你借钱给他时，一定要留心这些古希腊的说服工具。”承接下文，A项 Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together.（虽然气质、感染力和理性都有各自的长处，但它们在一起使用时往往最有效。）切题。故选A。