Question

    An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters． It may cause great damage． So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members．

Fragile items， like those made of glass should usually be placed on a lower surface， near the ground instead of placing them on cupboards higher up． Never place them near your bed， sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down． When there is a strong movement，these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you．

There is a strong chance of short circuits （短路） and fire breakouts during an earthquake． Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens．

During an earthquake， lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged． Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you． Never use the elevator to go down． Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside． Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out． Use the staircases at all times．

If you are outdoors， do not take shelter under a tree， streetlights， electric poles or tall buildings． If you are driving， stop your car and stay in a safe place． Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object．

If trapped in debris （瓦砾堆）， cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing． Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can find you． Use a whistle （哨子） if one is available． Never shout for help． Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust． Do not light a match because you may burn yourself． Do not move about or kick up dust．

1.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers   ．

A.the damage caused by earthquakes

B.the rescue work after earthquakes

C.what to do about earthquakes

D.how to prevent earthquakes

2.The underlined word "Fragile" in Paragraph 2 probably means   ．

A.easily broken

B.easily found

C.expensive

D.heavy

3.During the earthquake， people are advised to   ．

A.go out the building at once

B.turn off power and gas immediately

C.take shelter under a tree

D.drive to a safe place

4.What should people NOT do when they are trapped in debris？

A.Cover their mouth with a handkerchief．

B.Tap on a pipe or wall for help．

C.Use a whistle for help．

D.Light a fire for help．

5.If you are driving， what should you do in the earthquake？

A.take shelter under a tree

B.stop your car and stay in a safe place

C.park your car under a tree

D.park your car under a tall object

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要描述了关于地震的一些情况，以及当地震来临时的安全建议。

1.目的意图题。根据第一段中“So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members．”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍关于地震来临时的一些安全方面的建议，C项“关于地震要做些什么”切题。故选C项。

2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Fragile items，like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface”可知，玻璃等易碎物质制成的东西应该放在低处，避免从高处摔落，like后接对Fragile items的具体解释，因此fragile意为easily broken“易碎的”，A项切题。故选A项。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens．”可知，确保在地震时应该立即关闭电路和天然气，B项切题。故选B项。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Do not light a match because you may burn yourself．”可知，不要点火柴，以免烧伤你自己，结合选项翻译可知，D项“点火求救”符合题意。故选D项。

5.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If you are driving， stop your car and stay in a safe place． Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object．”可知，如果你在开车，停车并呆在安全的地方；不要把车停在树下或任何高的物体下。结合选项翻译可知，B项“把车停在安全的地方”切题。故选B项。