Question

    Taller women may face a higher risk of many cancers than their shorter ones, according to a US study release Thursday.

Researchers looked at a sample (样本) of nearly 145,000 women aged 50 to 79 for the analysis published in the US journal Cancer Epidemiology. They found that each additional 10 centimeters of height was linked to a 13 percent higher risk of getting cancer.

“Finally, cancer is a result of processes having to do with growth, so it makes sense that hormones (荷尔蒙) or other growth factors that influence height may also influence cancer risk,” said lead author Geoffrey Kabat, senior epidemiologist (流行病学家) at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University in New York.

After 12 years of following women who entered the study without cancer, researchers found links between greater height and higher possibility of developing cancers of the breast, colon (结肠), kidney (肾), thyroid (甲状腺), as well as multiple myeloma (骨髓瘤) and melanoma (黑素瘤).

“We were surprised at the number of cancer sites that were positively associated with height. In this data set, more cancers are associated with height than were associated with body mass index (BMI体重指数),” added Kabat.

Taller women even suffered a higher risk for some cancers, such as a 23 to 29 percent increase in the risk of developing cancers of the kidney rectum, thyroid.

None of the 19 cancers studied showed a lower risk with greater height. The study did not establish a certain height level at which cancer risk begins to rise, and Kabat said it is important to remember that the increased risk researchers found was small.

“It needs to be kept in mind that factors such as age, smoking, body mass index, and certain other risk factors have considerably larger effects,” he said, “The association of height with a number of cancer sites suggests that exposures in early life, including nutrition, play a role in influencing a person’s risk of cancer.”

1.What do you know about the research?

A.The participants are of the same age.

B.They chose most middle-aged and elderly women.

C.They found hormones are sure to cause cancer.

D.The participants must be American natives.

2.According to Geoffrey Kabat we can know that ________.

A.cancer has a bad effect on the physical growth

B.obesity is more highly associated with cancer

C.no women are aware of their unfavorable height

D.so many kinds of cancer are linked to the height

3.What does the last paragraph imply?

A.The lifestyle influences a person’s health heavily.

B.A poor habit will lead to a sudden growth.

C.A person’s life span depends on his height.

D.Good nutrition can ensure your good health.

4.We can infer from the passage that ________.

A.the tall women are sure to suffer from cancer

B.many researchers disagree with Geoffrey Kabat

C.more evidence should be found in future

D.BMI is the main cause for 19 cancer sites

5.Which of the following is the title for the passage?

A.Cancer is Related to the Factors of growth

B.Tall Women May Face Higher Cancer Risk

C.Women Are Easily to Be Affected by Cancer

D.Tall Women are in poorer health than Short Ones

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.C

5.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了周四公布的美国研究报告：高个子女性患多种癌症的风险可能要高于身材矮小的女性。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Researchers looked at a sample (样本) of nearly 145,000 women aged 50 to 79 for the analysis published in the US journal Cancer Epidemiology.可知，研究人员对近14.5万名50岁至79岁的女性进行了抽样调查，分析结果在美国《癌症流行病学》杂志上发表。由此可知，这项研究的研究对象是从50到79岁的女性，主要是中年和老年女性。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“We were surprised at the number of cancer sites that were positively associated with height. In this data set, more cancers are associated with height than were associated with body mass index (BMI体重指数),” added Kabat. 可知，“我们对癌症的数量与身高呈正相关感到惊讶。在此数据中，与身高相关的癌症多于与体重指数相关的癌症，”Kabat补充道。由此可知，研究数据发现，癌症的发生是与身高成正比的，身高与癌症的相关性要大于体重与癌症的相关性。故选D。

3.推理判断题。根据最后段的“It needs to be kept in mind that factors such as age, smoking, body mass index, and certain other risk factors have considerably larger effects,” he said, 可知，年龄、吸烟、体重指数和某些其他危险因素等的影响要大得多。最后一段是对研究结论的说明——吸烟、体重指数等是生活方式决定的，吸烟、体重指数等这些由生活方式决定的因素对健康的影响很大。因此，推断出生活方式影响健康故选A。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Finally, cancer is a result of processes having to do with growth, so it makes sense that hormones (荷尔蒙) or other growth factors that influence height may also influence cancer risk可知，最后，癌症是和生长有关的过程的结果，因此，影响身高的激素或其他生长因子也可能影响癌症风险。根据第七段中的The association of height with a number of cancer sites suggests that exposures in early life, including nutrition, play a role in influencing a person’s risk of cancer.”可知，身高与一些癌症部位的关联表明，早期接触，包括营养，在影响癌症风险方面起着一定的作用。可知，象激素、生长因子、早期接触、营养还有很多因素都对癌症风险可能有影响，但具体影响还不知道。由此可知，对癌症风险的研究还有很多因素是需要继续进行的故选C。

5.主旨大意题。根据文章一开始的Taller women may face a higher risk of many cancers than their shorter ones, according to a US study release Thursday.(美国周四公布的一项研究结果显示，个子较高的女性罹患多种癌症的风险可能高于个子较矮的女性)可知，本文主要对这项研究进行了具体介绍。由此可知，B. Tall Women May Face Higher Cancer Risk(高个子的女性可能面临更高的癌症风险)适合做本文标题。故选B。