阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正.确形式。
Why do different people like different colors? The answer depends largely 1. cultural values. To the Egyptians, green is a color 2. stands for the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means heaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. During the Spring Festival in China, children 3. (give) money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect 4. (they) against evils.
People’s 5.(choose) of colors is also affected by their bodies’ reactions toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally 6. physically. When 7.(work) in green environment, people have fewer stomach aches. Red can make a person’s blood pressure 8.(rise) and increase people’s appetite. Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant. And many commercial websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color that 9. (easy) catches a person’s eye. Unlike red, blue is believed to cause people to lose appetite. Therefore, 10. you want to eat less, eating from blue plates can help.
During his freshman year at Columbia University, Sanford Greenberg stood on campus with his classmate Arthur Garfunkel. “Sanford, look at the ____. You see the colors? The shapes?” Arthur asked. Sanford was ____. Other guys talked about girls and sports, but Arthur wanted to talk about grass.
Was there a ____ guy on campus than Sanford? Here he was, a poor kid from Buffalo, New York on a full scholarship, taking classes from superstars such as physicist Leon Lederman and poet Mark Van Doren.
But in 1960, Sanford’s fortune ____. He was playing baseball when suddenly he couldn’t ____ very well. He had to ____ on the grass until his eyesight returned. At first he didn’t believe it was anything ____.
But when Sanford went back to Buffalo, ____ there told him he had a very serious eye disease. They operated on him, but he was still going ____. He was so sad that he ____ to meet anyone from college.
But Arthur ____ Sanford to go back to Columbia. In September 1961, Sanford returned to campus. But he was ____ about getting around alone and depended on Arthur to help him.
Then, one afternoon, Sanford and Arthur went to Manhattan. When it was time to go back to their ____, Arthur said he had a meeting and couldn’t go with Sanford. They ____, and Arthur walked off, leaving Sanford alone. It took Sanford a long time to get back to school. But as he arrived at the university’s gate, someone ____ him.
“Sorry, sir.”
Sanford knew the ____. It was Arthur’s. Sanford was angry at first, but then he ____ what Arthur had done.
“It was one of the most brilliant ____,” Sanford says. “Arthur, of course, had been ____ me the whole way.”
After ____, Sanford got his MBA from Columbia and a PhD from Harvard and went on to become a successful inventor and businessman.
1.A.clouds B.trees C.grass D.baseball
2.A.excited B.surprised C.disappointed D.worried
3.A.luckier B.braver C.smarter D.kinder
4.A.improved B.remained C.lost D.changed
5.A.hear B.smell C.see D.speak
6.A.lie down B.stand up C.walk D.run
7.A.difficult B.serious C.new D.usual
8.A.teachers B.friends C.relatives D.doctors
9.A.blind B.deaf C.wrong D.crazy
10.A.planned B.forgot C.refused D.wished
11.A.reminded B.persuaded C.expected D.allowed
12.A.careful B.hopeful C.nervous D.certain
13.A.campus B.library C.station D.work
14.A.agreed B.smiled C.waited D.argued
15.A.shouted at B.knocked into C.looked for D.laughed at
16.A.behavior B.movement C.voice D.sound
17.A.excused B.realized C.believed D.wondered
18.A.meetings B.journeys C.opportunities D.ideas
19.A.supporting B.showing C.correcting D.following
20.A.graduation B.practice C.preparation D.chatting
How to change the world
You want to change the world, but you aren’t sure where to start. First, remember that changing the world can mean so many different things.
Understand what's wrong.
1.The world is such a big place, so you won't be able to change much if you don't understand what's going on out there. Try to learn about what is happening both home and abroad.
Know that change doesn't come overnight.
2.Try to live your values each day, even if you don't see much appreciable change on a day-to-day level. Work hard and don't give up.
Start small.
Find ways to make a difference every day. It may feel as though you are just one tiny part of a huge system. At first, you almost certainly will be. Be patient.3.. Try to put your activism into practice and make it a reality.
4.
Write letters to newspapers; post an article, video, or idea on the internet; wear a T-shirt. If you think that it is important and worthy of attention, try to raise awareness(意识) by telling as many people as you can.
Consider a career.
Think about which sort of job might put you in the best position to change the world. 5.There are a lot of ways to get paid for adding value to the world. Start researching to find jobs in fields that feel valuable.
A. Read the news.
B. Spread the word.
C. All things begin small
D. Remember that you don’t need to do it alone
E. You could be a teacher, a reporter, or something else.
F. There are other, less public ways to show your support!
G. Don’t expect to change the world with one big heroic act.
With the increase in cross-country marriages, many Australian children are growing up with other languages spoken at home. Actually, it’s not just in Australia. In many countries, more and more children grow up speaking two, if not three or more languages. Thus, we know it is possible to learn more than one language from a young age. We also know that children are much better at learning another language than adults. But many parents have a common question. Should they speak to their children in their first language, or try to speak to them in the second language?
Some older studies have reported that bilingual(双语的) children learn language more slowly and have smaller vocabularies than others of the same age. Parents of bilingual developing children felt worried when they saw these reports. But these studies are doubtable. They haven’t taken schooling and parental income into consideration, both of which heavily influence language outcomes.
Recently some new studies focus mainly on the advantages of being bilingual. It appears that repeatedly switching from one language to another will exercise the brain. Bilingual children will particularly ignore unrelated information and keep unnecessary reactions under control. That makes the process of learning new rules much faster.
Some new Australians have no choice but to speak to their children in their native language. While learning English is quite necessary, connections to family cultural backgrounds are also important. Through the native language, children can better understand their parents’ native culture. Happily, being bilingual appears to be good for the cross-cultural communication.
1.What is the shared concern of many parents from bilingual families?
A.The schedule of training courses for children.
B.Their family members’ different living habits.
C.Their children’s losing interest in language learning.
D.The choice of the spoken language in the family’s daily life.
2.Why does the author doubt the older studies on bilingual children?
A.They used a lot of outdated data.
B.They were not done in Australia.
C.They ignored some influential aspects(方面).
D.They were not supported by scientific evidence.
3.According to the new studies, being bilingual can help children ________.
A.focus on certain things.
B.have more confidence in playing games.
C.show their strong family backgrounds.
D.lead a better life in the future.
4.What function (作用) of the native language is talked about in the last paragraph?
A.Remind parents of their homeland.
B.Bring economic benefits to parents.
C.Connect children to their family’s original culture.
D.Help children develop the habits of following rules.
All networks like 3G and 4G will be things of the past, because 5G will be reachable in the near future. So, what’s so special about a 5G future? First, its download speed can be as fast as 20GB/s, which is 100 to 200 times that of 4G. But what’s more impressive is 5G’s low delay rate. Now 4G takes 200 milliseconds to send and receive information. But 5G will get it down to 1 millisecond.
5G is going to change the way equipment connects to the Internet. And self-driving cars may be one of the biggest breakthroughs to come out of 5G. The self-driving car under 5G network could react to hundreds of cars around it within 1 millisecond. It’ll prevent car accidents and end traffic jams completely.
5G can benefit us in other ways. Operations could be performed by robots controlled by experts from the other side of the world. Factories can be staffed by robots that can communicate their tasks to each other, and they can do more work over a 5G network. Imagine a group of drones(无人机) flying over a field of crops. Then farmers won’t have to work so hard anymore.
But, 5G is not perfect. One major shortcoming has to do with why it’s so fast. 5G uses the millimeter waves, while 4G uses the 15 to 40 centimeter-long waves. And shorter waves go fast but not very far. On 4G networks, the signal can go 10 kilometers. But the 5G signal can go at most 300 meters, and it can’t even go through walls or rain.
1.How does the author show us 5G’s advantages in Paragraph I?
A.By giving examples of the uses of 5G.
B.By making comparisons between 4G and 5G.
C.By explaining the scientific principles of 5G.
D.By analyzing 5G’s development from 4G.
2.According to the author, the self-driving cars will ___________.
A.cause more car accidents.
B.slow down 5G’s development.
C.run without being connected to the Internet.
D.have a much faster reaction speed than humans.
3.What does the underlined part “ be staffed by robots” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.Be built by robots.
B.Have robots as workers.
C.Offer employees home robots.
D.Produce more medical robots.
4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The main weakness of 5G networks.
B.How to make 4G networks more perfect.
C.The types of long waves and short waves.
D.How to improve the communication in rainy days.
Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in 1881 and his parents were both farmers. He moved to London in 1895 and finished his basic education. Fleming entered the medical field in 1901, studying at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School. While at St. Mary’s, he won the 1908 gold medal as top medical student.
A position at St. Mary’s Hospital led him to the then-new field of bacteriology(细菌学). During World War I, Fleming served in the Royal Army Medical Corps. At the time, antiseptics(抗菌剂) were commonly used. Fleming discovered that their destructive effects on the body were greater than their ability to break down harmful bacteria. Therefore, more soldiers were dying from antiseptic treatment(治疗) than from bacterial harm.
Fleming suggested that, for more effective treatment, wounds simply be kept dry and clean. However, his idea largely got ignored because of the difficult conditions. Returning to St. Mary’s after the war, in 1918, Fleming worked as the assistant director of St. Mary’s.
In September 1928, Fleming returned to his lab after a month away with his family, and was surprised to notice that a type of bacteria he had left out had become polluted by a mold(霉菌). The bacteria surrounding this mold had been destroyed. He realized that he discovered the world’s first bacteria killer. It was later named “penicillin”.
Further development of penicillin was not a one-man operation, so Fleming employed two young researchers. Penicillin finally came into use during World War II and Fleming won the Nobel Prize in 1945.
1.What do we know about Fleming?
A.He began to study medicine at the age of 14.
B.He completed his basic education in Scotland.
C.He had excellent performance while in college.
D.He started his career due to his parents’ influence.
2.What did Fleming find during World War I?
A.The British army suffered from a lack of antiseptics.
B.Few people wanted to study the field of bacteriology.
C.Soldiers had limited knowledge of treating their wounds.
D.Antiseptics did more harm than good to wounded soldiers.
3.What does Paragraph 4 imply?
A.Fleming discovered penicillin quite by accident.
B.Penicillin was Fleming’s first well-known discovery.
C.Penicillin was later put into use by Fleming’s students.
D.Fleming made a mistake while preparing for an operation.
4.How does the author organize the text?
A.By providing data. B.By giving examples.
C.By making comparisons. D.By following time order.
