阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Monkeys do not like it when others get more food than they do, according to a new study.
Researchers from Yale and Harvard 1.(university) found Capuchin monkeys punish monkeys that get more food. “This sort of, ' If I can't have it, no one can ' 2.(respond)is because of psychological spite (怨恨）,and it was3. (previous) thought unique to humans,” said Kristin Leimgruber of Harvard University. She is a co-author of the research study. The researchers watched as some Capuchin monkeys4. (give) more food than others. They found that monkeys getting the 5.(small) share pulled a rope to fold up a table holding the other monkey’s bigger share.
Another lead researcher, Laurie Santas, explained over email, “I think 6.we can conclude about humans is that some of our more 7.(embarrass) tendencies have relatively deep roots.” Santos said the spiteful reaction was not present with another member of the ape species—chimpanzees(黑猩猩).
An earlier study, she said, showed chimpanzees would fold up the table of other chimpanzees 8.(steal) food from them.9.they would not punish chimpanzees who just happened to have more food, Santos said. 10.other words, it was fine if another chimpanzee had more food as long as they did not steal it.
I had driven home to celebrate my 38th birthday with my mother. When I arrived, I found her sitting_______ at the kitchen table, a chocolate cake and two boxes wrapped in orange ribbon (丝带)in front of her. “Happy birthday!” she said,_______ at the boxes. “Open them.”
As she knows me _______ than anyone, she'd gotten me exactly what I wanted—running clothes. I _______ her and thanked her and proceeded (接着）to eat the cake.
“Too many _______ ,” I said, not really caring.
“You'll run them off tomorrow,” Mom said.
Many adult children with a parent suffering from _______ memory will tell you there was one day that _______ to them that their relationship with their mother or father would be forever changed.
For me that day_______two weeks later, when I drove back for another short_______. I ________ exactly the same scene: my mom sitting at the kitchen table; a chocolate cake ________next to two boxes wrapped in curly ribbon. The ribbon was green this time. That was the only________ “Happy birthday!” my mom said.
I was totally ________. “What's going on?”I asked. Mom smiled, “Can't I celebrate my daughter's birthday?”
This was no ________ . This was real life, and ________my mother clearly only wanted to make me happy，I pushed aside my fear and fulfilled my role as the ________ daughter. I hugged her, thanked her and ________ the clothes... I did not mention to her that we'd done all this two ________ ago.
My house is her world now. My mother and I have the ________ conversation roughly 10 times a day.________, I consider it a pleasure, because every minute is new for her.
1.A.delicately B.proudly C.casually D.randomly
2.A.targeting B.fascinating C.staring D.gesturing
3.A.earlier B.longer C.better D.deeper
4.A.paid B.hugged C.comforted D.ignored
5.A.calories B.colors C.fruits D.candles
6.A.trustworthy B.misleading C.failing D.offending
7.A.signaled B.added C.appealed D.contributed
8.A.responded B.came C.changed D.disappeared
9.A.memory B.birthday C.party D.visit
10.A.got across B.passed through C.came upon D.got through
11.A.resting B.placing C.putting D.laying
12.A.color B.feature C.attraction D.difference
13.A.disturbed B.confused C.embarrassed D.shocked
14.A.pleasure B.trouble C.trick D.dilemma
15.A.since B.if C.when D.whenever
16.A.reliable B.dishonest C.forgetful D.grateful
17.A.admired B.reckoned C.attached D.attained
18.A.days B.weeks C.months D.minutes
19.A.previous B.annoying C.precise D.same
20.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Nevertheless D.Moreover
Try This at Home!
Are you looking for a new pastime that will create a balance between physical activity and relaxation? Then yoga may be the perfect choice for you.1.It can also be done anywhere at any time. It's a great way to strengthen your muscles and become more flexible.
In the 1930s, Indian Sri Tirumali and K. Pattabhi developed one of the most popular forms of yoga practised worldwide today. They worked together using an ancient Sansknt text called Yoga Korunta to create a set routine of yoga movements and breathing exercises.2.
Ashtanga yoga is different from other forms of yoga. It is a very powerful form of aerobic (有氧的）exercise which creates deep heat in the body. 3.In other forms of yoga, however, the routine can change each time and the stretching exercises aren't aerobic.
4.As well as making you stronger and more flexible, it can also help you to stay calm.By focusing on your breathing while doing physical exercise, you are able to get a balance between mind and body. In addition, yoga helps to make us healthier so we are less likely to get common illnesses like colds.
Furthermore, yoga encourages you to think about what you're doing. Often you will close your eyes while doing certain movements.5..After a few lessons you'll stop looking at what the others around you are doing. You will stop comparing yourself and start focusing on yourself.
A. Yoga can be practiced by people of all ages and levels of fitness.
B. The result of their co-operation was ashtanga yoga.
C. Whatever kind of yoga you choose, there are many long-term benefits.
D. This allows you to concentrate better and it makes you less competitive.
E. Every time someone practices ashtanga, he or she does exactly the same movements.
F. If you're interested in yoga, but cannot find a class near you, then it might be an excuse to travel.
G. Recently, it has become extremely common for beginners as well as advanced yoga students to go on yoga holidays.
Microsoft PowerPoint is the world’s most common presentation tool. It emerged from software company Forethought Inc in the 1980s. Bob Gaskins was the man behind it.
“I knew in the early 80s that there were as many as a billion, a thousand million presentation slides being made per year just in America,” Gaskins says，“ but they were all made by hand and almost nobody was using computers to do them.
“It was clear to me that here was a huge application worth billions and billions of dollars a year that could be done on computers as soon as there was a revolution in the kinds of computers that we had.”
Gaskins was onto something, but it was a hard sell at the time. The software wouldn’t run on any existing personal computers. Anyone wanting to use it had to buy a new machine. Even so, people bought personal computers for the first time in order to be able to use PowerPoint, says Wired magazine journalist Russell Davies.
Davies explains that before PowerPoint, people used slides to convey information to groups --- but anyone creating a presentation had to send away to get their materials made. It took a long time to do, was difficult to make changes and because it was so expensive, only the most senior people in an organisation got to do it.
“ PowerPoint，” Davies says，“made it possible for everyone in an organisation to stand up and say their piece.”
PowerPoint has helped turn us all into presenters --- but it’ s also been accused of over-simplifying ideas and distracting (干扰)us from clear thinking.
Sarah Kaplan is a management professor at the University of Toronto’s Rotman School of Management. She has noticed that, rather than people asking for new analysis or insights in meetings, they were asking for more PowerPoint slides.
Kaplan says that some CEOS, such as Amazon’s Jeff Bezos, have banned its use. “He felt, and I think many people feel, that PowerPoint became such an object of the process that they lost the ideas inside of it and that is the risk.”
1.What drove Bob Gaskins to develop PowerPoint?
A.His personal needs at the office.
B.The support from Forethought Inc.
C.The great potential market demand.
D.His interest in science and technology.
2.What was the problem with Bob Gaskin’s PowerPoint in the 1980s?
A.It was very expensive.
B.It was very difficult to use.
C.It couldn’t t be used on old computers.
D.It couldn’t satisfy young people’s needs.
3.What might be Russell Davies’s attitude to PowerPoint?
A.Critical. B.Appreciative. C.Cautious. D.Contradictory.
4.Why does Jeff Bezos ban the use of PowerPoint?
A.It fails to solve practical problems.
B.It fails to convey messages effectively.
C.It makes something valuable unavailable.
D.It results in creative thinking getting ignored.
Positive thinking is a significant element of happiness. In order to become a positive thinker, determination and consistency are important. The first thing to know about positive thinking is that everyone can do it. With certain cognitive (认知的) and behavioral changes, we can all become positive thinkers. Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.
Instead of selectively attending to negative events, focus on the positive ones. Then pay attention to the delayed consequences of your behavior rather than the immediate ones. For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.
Challenge any internal attributions and see if you compare your behavior to standards that are excessively rigid and perfectionistic. If so, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons. For example, if you constantly compare your weaknesses with other people's strengths, then switch this and compare yourself with those who are doing poorer than you as well. Overall, people who focus more on their strengths than their weaknesses but at the same time are aware of their weaknesses have a healthier self-evaluation result.
When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear. This way, you will be prepared for anything and your fear will not block you from being open and creative to different solutions. For example, if you are constantly worried about losing your job up to a point where it is creating a lot of anxiety and fear and is effecting your performance and your happiness negatively, then think of losing your job, visualize how you will handle it, find solutions in your mind and then let go of the thought and the fear attached to it.
So positive thinkers are better problem solvers and have better interactions. In addition to that, people who are positive thinkers are happier and more satisfied with their life.
1.Why is positive thinking a significant element of happiness?
A. It means that one is blind to the troubles and difficulties that exist.
B. It means that one constantly compares everything with other people's.
C. It means that one is strong in mind and has nothing to be afraid of.
D. It means that one approaches life and faces challenges more healthily.
2.What does the text suggest about the job you don't like?
A. Quitting it and finding a better one.
B. Keeping and trying to make it better.
C. Being negative and numb to it.
D. Challenging yourself with a new outlook.
3.What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?
A. Be prepared for the worst: and let go of fear.
B. Being constantly worried will lose your job.
C. Fear will prevent you being open and creative.
D. There is nothing to fear if well prepared.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How to focus on the positive events
B. How to be a positive thinker
C. What to do when faced with fear
D. What to know of self-evaluation
I walked up to the counter. Behind it was a lady with glasses on the tip of her nose and gray hair on her head.
"Excuse me," I said. She looked up. "You're that Clements kid," she said."I'm Miss Bee.Come closer and let me get a look at you." She pushed her glasses up her nose. "I can describe you to the police if something goes missing from the store."
"I'm not a thief!" I was shocked. I was seven, too young to be a thief!
"From what I can see, you're not much of anything. But I can tell you've got potential." She went back to reading her newspaper.
"I need to get these." I said, holding up my list. "So? Go get them."Miss Bee pointed to a sign on the screen door. "I'm not your servant,so I suggest you get yourself a basket and start filling."
I visited Miss Bee several times a week that summer. Sometimes she short-changed me. Other times she overcharged. "That can of beans is only twenty nine cents" I corrected her one afternoon. I had watched the numbers change on the cash register closely, and Miss Bee had added 35 cents. She didn't seem embarrassed. She just looked at me over her glasses and fixed the price.
But she ever let me declare victory. All summer long she found ways to play tricks on me. No sooner had I learned how to pronounce bicarbonate of soda(小苏打)and memorized its location on the shelf than Miss Bee rearranged the shelve and made me hunt for it all over again.
One day before I left, she said, "I know what you think of me, but I don't care! Each of us is put on this earth for a reason.I believe my job is to teach every child I meet life lessons. When you get older you'll be glad our paths crossed!" Glad I met Miss Bee? Ha! The idea was absurd...
Until one day my daughter asked me to finish her math problems. "If I do it for you, how will you ever learn to do it yourself?" I said. Suddenly, I remembered the lady Miss Bee.
1.The girl felt when Miss Bee implied she could be a thief.
A.surprised B.shocked
C.puzzled D.annoyed
2.We can infer from Paragraph 6 that Miss Bee .
A.showed no care about her mistakes
B.made the girl learn to double-check
C.was always playing tricks on the girl
D.was careless and dishonest to do business
3.It can be learned from the passage that Miss Bee .
A.knew her job was to help every child she met
B.asked the girl to shop by herself to test her honesty
C.taught the girl many lessons but she didn't understand
D.rearranged the shelves to teach the girl to be changeable
4.Which is NOT the lesson the writer learnt from shopping?
A.Treat others kindly and politely.
B.Don't be so quick to judge others.
C.The best teachers aren't only in school.
D.Try our best though the task seems beyond us.
