Question

Wang Daheng, Father of Chinese Optical Engineering

In 1949, the field of applied optical（光学）science didn't exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.

Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause. He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the father of Chinese optical engineering.

As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus（仪器）there. In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.

In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it（增强它的自主权）through science and technology. At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass. Over the following six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite（经纬仪）, first optical range finder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precision optical instrument industry. In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China. In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.

Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in optical research related to the development of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, China successfully launched the Dongfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of the designers. When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet as seen from the outer space for the first time.

To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other scientists made the suggestion of drawing up a state hi-tech development plan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.

In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In the following years, he won many honors from the state. He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.

1.Why did Wang Daheng return to China from West?

A.To earn his master's degree. B.To get together with his family.

C.To do contribution to his country. D.To won honors in the motherland

2.Why is Wang Daheng called the Father of Chinese Optical Engineering?

A.Because he drew up the hi-tech development.

B.Because he participated in the optical research.

C.Because he was a famous and respected physicist.

D.Because he achieved many firsts in Optical engineering.

3.Which word can best describe Wang Daheng?

A.Friendly. B.Positive.

C.Devoted. D.Humorous.

4.The passage is organized in order of ___________.

A.time B.space

C.importance D.effectiveness

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.C

4.A

【解析】

这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了中国光学工程之父王大珩以及他为国家做出的贡献。

1.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it（增强它的自主权）through science and technology.“1948年，王大珩放弃了在西方已确立的事业和舒适的生活，回到祖国，希望通过科学技术使祖国强大起来。”由此可知，王大珩之所以从西方回到中国为了给他的国家做贡献。故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段中He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the father of Chinese optical engineering.“他一直关注着中国第一个光学玻璃、第一个电子显微镜、第一个激光装置、第一个大型光学测量设备的发展，并帮助建立了中国工程院。他被称为中国光学工程之父。”由此可知，王大珩之所以被称为中国光学工程之父是因为他在光学工程方面取得了许多第一。故选D。

3.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause.“王大珩，一位受人尊敬的光学物理学家，毕生致力于这一事业。”由此可知，描述王大珩最好的词语是“Devoted”。故选C。

4.推理判断题。根据第三段中In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England. After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940,和第四段中In 1948, In 1951, In 1961, 以及下文中的Starting in the 1960s, In 1970, in 1986, In 1992, on July 21, 2011由此可以看出，这篇文章是按时间顺序组织的。故选A。