Question

    India announced a complete ban on the sale of all e-cigarettes, saying the products posed a health risk, especially to young people.

Some 35 million people around the world are believed to be using e-cigarettes or the newer heat-not-burn products. They are popular among smokers in many places who are trying to kick the habit, as they _________ the urge for nicotine while removing exposure to the tar and toxins of burned tobacco. These novel _________ come with attractive appearances and multiple flavors and their use has increased enormously and has _________ epidemic proportions in developed countries, especially among youth and children.

Unfortunately, though e-cigarettes got promoted _________ as a way in which people can get out of the habit of smoking cigarettes, many people worry they’re _________ new addictions to nicotine, particularly among young people.

“It is time that we immediately made a decision so that the health of our citizens, of our young, is not _________ to a risk, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said Wednesday after a Cabinet meeting. Sitharaman said the outbreak of lung injuries associated with e-cigarettes had added to local _________ about the impact of e-cigarettes on people’s health. Hundreds of people are being _________ for lung illness in 36 US states and researchers are investigating if those illnesses are related to the use of e-cigarettes. _________, an emergency ordinance (法令) banning the use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) will be __________ in the coming days. The ordinance will be taken up during the next session of Parliament and converted into law.

Sitharaman added that the ban would __________ e-cigarette production, manufacturing, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement. It includes all forms of ENDS, heat-not-burn products and e-hookah devices, according to a press release. People who __________ the ban once could face up to one year in prison or a fine of 100,000 rupees ($1,400) or both. __________ e-cigarettes would also be punishable with up to six months in prison and a 50,000-rupee ($700) fine.

The nationwide __________ came after almost a dozen Indian states had taken similar action. Vendors with existing stock will have to declare and deposit their __________ e-cigarettes and cartridges at the nearest police station, the statement added.

1.A.resist B.satisfy C.desire D.survive

2.A.bans B.devices C.risks D.sales

3.A.elevated B.reserved C.acquired D.deprived

4.A.sensibly B.initially C.accidentally D.reliably

5.A.polishing B.paving C.rejecting D.creating

6.A.thrown B.addicted C.accustomed D.entitled

7.A.passions B.charged C.requests D.concerns

8.A.secured B.charged C.treated D.granted

9.A.Currently B.Accordingly C.Lately D.Previously

10.A.issued B.relieved C.realized D.approached

11.A.bridge B.liberate C.disclose D.cover

12.A.violate B.regulate C.lift D.disapprove

13.A.Banning B.Smoking C.Storing D.Refusing

14.A.option B.move C.applause D.rescue

15.A.expensive B.scarce C.remaining D.fake

Answer

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.B

5.D

6.A

7.D

8.C

9.B

10.A

11.D

12.A

13.C

14.B

15.C

【解析】

本文是新闻报道。印度宣布全面禁止销售所有电子烟，因为电子烟会让人产生新的烟瘾，构成健康风险。

1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们在许多地方的吸烟者中很受欢迎。吸烟者试图戒掉抽烟的习惯，因为它们满足了对尼古丁的渴求，同时消除了对燃烧烟草中的焦油和毒素的接触。A. resist抗拒，抵制；B. satisfy使满足；C. desire欲望，愿望；D. survive幸存，生还。根据生活常识，烟瘾是因为对烟草中尼古丁的欲望，而电子烟代替烟是因为能让人们满足这种欲望。故选B项。

2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些新颖的装置有着吸引人的外观和多种口味。A. bans禁令； B. devices设备，装置；C. risks风险，冒险；D. sales销售。“这些装置”指上文的

e-cigarettes。故选B项。

3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些新颖的装置有吸引人的外观和多种口味，它们的使用在发达国家，特别是在青年和儿童中，大大流行。A. elevated提升，举起，振奋（精神等）； B. reserved预定，储备；C. acquired取得，获得；D. deprived使丧失，剥夺。acquire epidemic proportions意为“达到流行的比例”，指电子烟非常盛行。故选C项。

4.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，虽然电子烟最初得到宣传是作为让人们摆脱吸烟习惯的一种方法。A. sensibly理智地，明智地；B. initially起初，开始；C. accidentally偶然地；D. reliably可信赖地，可依靠地。根据上文They are popular among smokers in many places who are trying to kick the habit可知，一开始的时候宣传用电子烟代替烟草是因为想让人们戒掉抽烟的习惯。故选B项。

5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人担心他们正在引起新的尼古丁成瘾，特别是在年轻人中。A. polishing抛光，（给文章）润色；B. paving铺路；C. rejecting拒绝；D. creating创造，产生。印度开始禁止电子烟是因为发现电子烟会产生新的烟瘾。故选D项。

6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在该是我们立即做出决定的时候了，这样我们的公民的健康，我们的年轻人的健康就不会有风险。A. thrown扔，使陷入（困境等）；B. addicted使上瘾；C. accustomed使习惯；D. entitled使有资格/权利，给…题名。短语throw… to a risk“使…陷入有风险的处境”。故选A项。

7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sitharaman说，与电子烟相关的肺损伤的爆发增加了当地对电子烟对人们健康影响的担忧。A. passions热情，激情；B. charged收费，负责；C. requests请求；D. concerns关注，担忧。因为关系到人们的健康，电子烟也会让人们成瘾，因此担忧它对人们健康的影响。故选D项。

8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国的36个州，有成百上千的人正在因为肺部疾病而接受治疗。A. secured保证；B. charged收费，负责；C. treated治疗；D. granted授予，允许，（勉强）同意。根据上文the outbreak of lung injuries可知，很多人因为抽电子烟染上了肺部疾病，正在接受治疗。故选C项。

9.考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，在接下来的几天里将颁布一项紧急法令，禁止使用电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)。A. Currently目前，现在；B. Accordingly因此，于是，相应地；C. Lately最近； D. Previously先前，以往。电子烟引起了肺部疾病的爆发，因此政府禁止使用电子烟。accordingly表示因果关系。故选B项。

10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在接下来的几天里将颁布一项紧急法令，禁止使用电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)。A. issued发行，发布；B. relieved解除，减轻；C. realized意识到；D. approached靠近，处理。根据句意，应该是issue an emergency ordinance “颁布/发布一条紧急法令”。故选A项。

11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sitharaman补充说，禁令将涵盖电子烟的生产、制造、进口、出口、运输、销售、分销、储存和广告。A. bridge架桥于，跨过；B. liberate解放；C. disclose公开，揭露； D. cover包括，覆盖。根据句意，禁令应该涉及到与电子烟有关的一系列的产业链。故选D项。

12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦违反禁令，将面临一年监禁或10万卢比（1400美元）的罚款或两种并罚。A. violate违反；B. regulate调节，控制；C. lift解除（禁令）；D. disapprove不赞成。根据句中a fine of …和punishable 等词可知是违反禁令就会受到严厉处罚。故选A项。

13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：储存电子烟也将被处以最多六个月的监禁和5万卢比（700美元）的罚款。A. Banning禁止；B. Smoking 吸烟；C. Storing存放，储存；D. Refusing拒绝。禁令不仅对吸电子烟的人会进行处罚，对储存电子烟的人也会进行处罚。故选C项。

14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在印度几乎有十几个邦采取了类似行动之后，这一行动在全国范围内展开。A. option 选择；B. move行动，举措；C. applause鼓掌，掌声；D. rescue救援，抢救。根据下一句Vendors with existing stock will have to declare and deposit their _____ e-cigarettes and cartridges at the nearest police station可知是将在全国范围内采取措施。

故选B项。

15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现有库存的电子烟供应商必须申报并将剩余的电子烟和电子烟盒存放在最近的警察局。A. expensive昂贵的；B. scarce稀缺的；C. remaining剩余的； D. fake假的。根据existing stock（现有库存）可知，是还没卖出去的（剩下的）电子烟要申报并且存放在警察局。故选C项。