Question

    At the end of 1978, China put forward a package of new thoughts on national development. The most important of them was to shift the priority of the nation to economic development, which has since become the central task of CPC organizations and governments at all levels. Economic growth was the primary measurement of the development of a region and performance of an official. It became national agreement that economic growth offered the solution to the problems facing China.

Seeing that manufacturing was a strong promoter of economic growth, China's central and local governments put great emphasis on it. But in the 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s the country was short of money to build up this capital-intensive (资本密集) sector, which requires buying equipment and land, building factories, and hiring workers. It therefore looked to foreign investors who were looking for opportunities in the Chinese market.

Foreseeing the multiple benefits of foreign investment including tax contribution, job creation, raise in local income, local governments raced to look for foreign capital. To compete against their peers, some regions offered extra favorable policies like tax cuts or breaks, discounted land prices or even free land. Some even went to the extent of lowering or abandoning environmental protection requirements.

While going after foreign investors, regional governments also struggled to seek domestic banks for loans to local enterprises. Meanwhile, they set up their own financing platforms to raise funds for local manufacturing and infrastructure (基础设施) to stimulate economic growth.

These efforts paid off. The economy rose rapidly all over the country, with few regions reporting GDP growth rate below 10 percent. A series of new infrastructure was completed, and manufacturing sprang in both rural and urban areas. But the side effects soon came up. The supply of low-priced or even free land to foreign investors led to a sharp rise in land development for industrial projects and a steep fall in farmlands. Realizing these problems, China began to correct its neglect of other aspects during the pursuit of economic growth.

1.What central task did the Chinese government advocate in 1978?

A.Environmental protection. B.Economic growth.

C.Manufacture promotion. D.Capital accumulation.

2.How did China solve the capital problem?

A.By loaning money from foreign banks. B.By selling equipment and land.

C.By seeking foreign investors. D.By raising funds from the public.

3.Which of the following statements is True?

A.China's economy experienced ups and downs.

B.Foreign investment was a win-win policy.

C.GDP growth in many regions was below 10 %.

D.Policies were adopted for better environment.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A.China's Problems in Promoting Economy

B.China's Policy in Foreign Investment

C.China's Success in Fighting Against Poverty

D.China's Efforts in Economic Development

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在1978年中国决定把发展重点转移到经济增长上，以及各级政府在此过程中的努力和成果。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的At the end of 1978, China put forward a package of new thoughts on national development. The most important of them was to shift the priority of the nation to economic development, which has since become the central task of CPC organizations and governments at all levels. (在1978年末，中国提出了国家发展的一系列新想法。其中最重要的是把国家发展的重点转移到经济发展上，这已经成为中国共产党各级组织和政府的中心任务)可知1978年中国政府倡导的中心任务是经济发展。B. Economic growth. (经济增长)符合以上说法，故选B项。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的It therefore looked to foreign investors who were looking for opportunities in the Chinese market. (因此，它关注那些在中国市场寻求机会的外国投资者)可知中国通过寻求外国投资者来解决资本问题。C. By seeking foreign investors. (通过寻找国外投资者)符合以上说法，故选C项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段的To compete against their peers, some regions offered extra favorable policies like tax cuts or breaks, discounted land prices or even free land. (为了与同行竞争，一些地区提供了额外的优惠政策，如减税优惠，土地价格折扣，甚至免费的土地)可知外国投资者入驻时他们可以获得一些减免政策，而当地也得到了资金，故推测国外投资是一个双赢的政策。B. Foreign investment was a win-win policy. (国外投资是一个双赢的政策)符合以上推测，故选B项。

4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的It became national agreement that economic growth offered the solution to the problems facing China. (国民达成一致，那就是经济的增长是解决中国面临问题的方法)，第二段的It therefore looked to foreign investors who were looking for opportunities in the Chinese market. (因此，它关注那些在中国市场寻求机会的外国投资者)，第三段的local governments raced to look for foreign capital (当地政府争相寻找国外资本)和第四段的While going after foreign investors, regional governments also struggled to seek domestic banks for loans to local enterprises. (在争取国外投资者的同时，当地政府也从国内银行获得对当地企业的贷款)可知本文主要介绍了中国各级政府在经济发展方面所做出的努力。D. China's Efforts in Economic Development (中国在经济发展中的努力)可以作为本篇标题，故选D项。