Question

    “What kind of rubbish are you?”This question might normally cause anger，but in Shanghai it bas brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st，the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.

Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets.

Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year.

Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous（有害的），the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss（投掷）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.

1.What's the purpose of Paragraph l?

A.To complain about rubbish dividing.

B.To explain the four categories of the waste.

C.To introduce the rules on waste sorting.

D.To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.

2.What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.People who don't pay for train tickets. B.People who argue with the monitors.

C.People who obtain bank loans. D.People who are against the regulations.

3.What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?

A.Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.

B.Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.

C.Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.

D.Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A.A Restart of Waste-sorting B.A New Age of Garbage Classification

C.Learning to Classify Rubbish D.Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.B

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段中Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.（市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。）可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。故选C。

2.词义猜测题。结合后文They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).他们将面临最高200元(29美元)的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.（最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时）可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of one’s rubbish.（7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故B选项“垃圾分类的新时代”符合文章标题。故选B。