阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Access to information 1. (have) exploded in recent years through at least two main developments: rapid technological advancements and institutional innovations (制度创新). The first have generally come from the private sector (领域) while 2. latter have tended to come from the public sector. Both promise 3. (increase) the spread of information, including in relatively less-connected rural areas. In doing so, they help change not only rural livelihoods, 4. rural governance itself.
Recent technological innovations, like mobile phones and the Internet, are becoming 5. (wide)available both in developing countries and rural areas Worldwide, mobile phone subscriptions (认购) increased to one per person 6. average in 2018. It was a quick climb, 7. (compare) with other sectors. While low-income countries unsurprisingly have lower levels of adoption, they still have about 60 mobile phone subscriptions per 100 individuals. The average individual in a low income country is likely to have a mobile phone subscription. Further, people who cannot afford their own mobile phones often have occasional access to the mobile phones of other 8. (person). Low income countries 9. (see) growth rates in access to mobile phones over the last 20 years similar to the 10. (globe) average growth rate.
That day, John’s family decided to move to their new home. The jeep was packed and the family was ready for a(n) ________ day. All piled into the car, ________ their father and six-year-old John. Johns father, Alvin, ________ the engine, and the family ________ toward their new home. Alvin drove for miles before they needed more supplies. Then they ________ at the nearest supermarket Walmart.
Upon driving into the parking lot, they began to ________ for a parking space. The lot was unusually ________, with many cars, shopping carts (购物车), flashing lights and busy people. John felt surrounded by ________. Eventually, after ________ the parking lot many times, Alvin found a(n) ________ parking space for their car, and still large enough.
Alvin was about to pull in when a strange car ________ pulled into the empty spot. To the family’s ________ the driver who had been driving got out of his car and rushed towards Walmart. Alvin ________ jumped out of his car and ran after him, calling, “Hey, hey! Wait!” When Alvin caught the man, he asked, “Don’t you think that we can both ________ it?” The man was surprised and said, “Um, yes, I suppose we could.” They returned to the parking space and ________ their cars so that they could both park there.
That ________ John very much. He’d thought that his father would be angry, or even beat the stranger up. However, the whole incident ended ________ and they went into the supermarket and bought what they needed.
Alvin’s reaction was pleasantly unexpected. John was moved by his ________ father, realizing that the correct thing to do wasn’t what he had ________ to happen. It made a strong Impression on him. ________ is more important than self- righteousness (自以为是的正义).
1.A.obvious B.anxious C.tiring D.working
2.A.following B.helping C.calling D.including
3.A.possessed B.repaired C.started D.changed
4.A.set off B.broke off C.put back D.set up
5.A.played B.lived C.stopped D.sailed
6.A.apply B.stand C.pay D.hunt
7.A.abnormal B.crowded C.quiet D.clean
8.A.advertisements B.noise C.music D.warmth
9.A.appreciating B.describing C.visiting D.circling
10.A.empty B.small C.dark D.cheap
11.A.pleasantly B.suddenly C.easily D.eventually
12.A.comfort B.excitement C.satisfaction D.anger
13.A.optimistically B.happily C.swiftly D.carefully
14.A.quit B.buy C.share D.leave
15.A.adjusted B.approached C.examined D.sold
16.A.impressed B.requested C.informed D.congratulated
17.A.naturally B.peacefully C.sadly D.violently
18.A.energetic B.awkward C.generous D.aggressive
19.A.allowed B.expected C.forbidden D.encouraged
20.A.Kindness B.Curiosity C.Justice D.Judgment
Travel Tips for New Zealand
If you’re looking for some adventure in one of the amazing countries on Earth, then New Zealand is a must! 1.! But there are a few things you should know before you head over to it.
1. Bring every kind of clothing you own
That might be a bit surprising, but we have some crazy weather here. From snow in Southland, to windy Wellington, to Auckland, you may experience four seasons in one day! You’d be forgiven for thinking that you could just bring your hot weather clothes if you’re here in the “summer months”. 2..
2. New Zealand beaches are amazing, but dangerous
New Zealand has some of the most beautiful beaches in the world, and it’s not uncommon to have a whole beach for yourself. Sadly though, I’ve seen countless tourists on the news who have underestimated (低估) our beaches and ended up having to be rescued, or worse. Though a lot of the beaches are popular destinations, make sure you read the signs or ask a local to make sure it’s safe. 3. You’ll soon find out that the sun in New Zealand might not be as hot, but you’ll burn a lot faster than anywhere else.
3. 4.
Sure, there are plenty of tours that you can go on to see different parts of the country, but by hiring your own car, you’ll have the freedom of the open road. 5.. So, getting around is much easier with your own car and you’ll be able to come and go as you please. Don’t forget to drive on the LEFT side of the road down here!
A. It really is a country like no other
B. Also remember to apply sunscreen (防晒霜)
C. You will need a car to get around
D. You will come back to New Zealand for more
E. New Zealand’s public transport is not good enough
F. But summer often doesn’t truly kick in until mid-late January, and even then it’s touch-and-go
G. If you go for a bush walk in New Zealand, your biggest danger is slipping on some rocks or getting lost
In 2012, an iPhone fell into my hands. This smart technology seemed like the entrance to only fun and positive things like chatting with friends and blogging.
However, seven years later, I had become horribly limited to it. Recent reports show that I’m not alone. According to a study, the average American spends five hours a day on smart devices (装置) and about 2.5 of those hours are spent on social, messaging, media and entertainment apps.
It’s hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into a dependency. I fell asleep to my phone every night and woke to it each morning. I checked the weather app every morning before I chose how to dress for the day. I used it to help me find my way through a city I should know well enough on my own. I updated my email box every time I picked my phone up.
Just like with any addiction, my phone dependency began to influence my life. While spending time with family, I’d stare into a small screen on my lap instead of being involved in communicating with my loved ones. At work, my productivity levels dropped. And then, my four-year relationship came to an end. Eventually, I was left with years of memories and a mobile phone that couldn’t provide enjoyable company across a dinner table, share in the joys of experiencing a concert or kiss me goodnight before bed.
Now, I move through life with more purpose and intention. I’ve cut back on carelessly giving away my limited time and attention to my phone. Instead, I focus my efforts on being as present as possible. Truly training the mind to stay present is a long and challenging road, but it’s important to start somewhere.
I hope you’ll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate how important a role you are letting it play in your life. Whether or not you’ve reached a place in your life where your screen time feels problematic, there’s no harm in mindfully giving your current practices some thought.
1.What does the author mean by saying “I’m not alone” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A.He takes his iPhone for company.
B.He has many friends around him.
C.There’re many Americans like him.
D.Blogging brings him great pleasure.
2.According to Paragraph 3, the author _________.
A.was quite confused about some apps
B.became hopelessly addicted to his iPhone
C.was afraid of spending more time on his iPhone
D.never dressed himself by checking the weather app
3.What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on?
A.Why the author’s productivity levels dropped.
B.Why the author finally had phone dependency.
C.How the author bravely corrected his mistakes.
D.How the author’s life was negatively affected.
4.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A.Persuade people to live a no-phone life.
B.Advise people to use their phones reasonably.
C.Inspire people to consider their roles in life again.
D.Urge people to devote their spare time to screens.
In a national survey, just 1 in 3 students thought that smoking on some days, but not others, can cause a lot of harm. This smoking pattern is common. It is also dangerous. In fact, its health risks are about the same as smoking heavily, report Stephen Amrock and Michael Weitzman. Their new study’s findings show that most kids do not see risks in smoking the occasional (偶尔的) cigarette.
For their study, Amrock and Weitzman analyzed data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey. It had probed (探究) tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in 24,658 students. All were in grades 6 through 12 and lived throughout the 50 U. S. states and the district of Columbia.
Most teens knew that heavy smoking can be harmful. About 2 in every 3 students recognized that smoking even just a few cigarettes each day can be harmful (有危害的). Only 1 in3 students, however, recognized that occasional—non-daily—smoking is harmful. Among teens who smoke this way—intermittently—just 1 out of every 7 understood their habit was dangerous.
Occasional smoking is not safe, so “we really need to have a conversation” with whoever thinks otherwise, notes Dave Dobbins. He heads research and public education at Legacy, a group based in Washington, D. C. It encourages teens to reject tobacco. “Intermittent smoking carries lots of risks,” Dobbins explains. These include the chance that light use will progress to heavier smoking. “We explain to kids that light smoking is smoking,” says Dobbins, who was not connected with the study. And, he adds, his group points out that “the dangers begin right away”.
Adults who are light or intermittent smokers are those most willing and able to quit. Amrock and Weitzman note. Most smokers start by age 18. That’s why the NYU School of Medicine researchers suggest anti-smoking efforts should target youth who today are light or occasional smokers.
1.What’s the text mainly about?
A.Occasional smoking. B.Health and smoking.
C.The number of smokers. D.Anti-smoking efforts.
2.Where can you find the data showing students’ views on different smoking patterns?
A.In Paragraph 1. B.In Paragraph 3.
C.In Paragraph 2. D.In Paragraph 4.
3.What’s the meaning of the underlined “intermittently” in Paragraph 3?
A.Heavily. B.Continuously.
C.Occasionally. D.Purposefully.
4.Dave Dobbins agrees that ________.
A.dangers of kids’ light smoking appear in no time
B.light smoking is sure to result in heavy smoking
C.most teens have realized the risks of light smoking
D.light smokers are likely to quit smoking naturally
Constantin Levaditi was born in Galati, Romania in 1874. His family was poor and his father was a Greek immigrant who worked in the Galati port and his mother was Romanian. When he was only six years old he had to start working in a shop as both of his parents fell ill. His job was to deliver orders from his uncle’s shop.
After two years his parents died and he was taken into care by one of his relatives who worked as a nurse in a hospital. His relative noticed that he was very smart and sent him to school. After graduating from high school, he decided to study at the medical school in Bucharest where he studied under Professor Victor Babes.
Levaditi became a doctor in 1902 and then he specialized in researching tuberculosis (结核病) in Paris at the Louis Pasteur Institute and to Frankfurt, at the Experimental Therapy Institute. He also managed to contribute to the invention of the anti-polio vaccine (消除小儿麻痹症的疫苗) in1913.
Levaditi returned to Romania in 1919 as a researcher to teach at university but Romanian universities did not accept him as he criticized Romania’s national health system and its political parties. He often said that it was not acceptable that the government did not care for its people and that there were not enough doctors and hospitals. Thus, he returned to France to continue his research in 1920. That same year he was invited to lead the Rockefeller Institute in New York but he refused.
In 1926 Levaditi became a member of the Romanian Academy. Later on, he was in charge of the bacteriology (细菌学) French school and he devoted his last years to research on antibiotics (抗生素) and other medicines.
1.What do the first two paragraphs tell us about Levaditi?
A.He went to school thanks to his teachers.
B.He was born into a wealthy family.
C.He lost his parents at an early age.
D.He met with Victor Babes at high school.
2.What was one reason why Levaditi returned to France in 1920?
A.The conflict between universities and political parties.
B.His dissatisfaction with the health system in Romania.
C.The invitation of the Rockefeller Institute.
D.The lack of doctors and hospitals in France.
3.Which of the following events about Levaditi happened first?
A.He did a careful study of tuberculosis in Paris.
B.He was in charge of the bacteriology French school.
C.He became a member of the Romanian Academy.
D.He devoted himself to the invention of anti-polio vaccine.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The influence of Levaditi.
B.A brief introduction of Levaditi
C.The development of bacteriology.
D.The research on antibiotics.
