Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them 1. they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as people imagine？2. (stare) at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe’s 3. (low) home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe （at more than 80%）. But one-quarter of its population are unemployed.
A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots 4. (throw) up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favours. 5. Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market.
Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market-obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage（房贷） lending and an unavoidable house-price crash--- 6. sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble.
As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labour earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our faulty tax system encouraged that. When 7. some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes. That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person’s lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary 8. (pay) off an entire house？
Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We 9. rent-and enjoy our lives with the money saved.
Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A50-50mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30split that is now observed in so many Western nations, 10. (make) sense.
There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as 1. separate area of activity. Many artists, however, would prove 2. there has always been a warm relationship between the a warm relationship areas of human activity. For example, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were especially close. Artists 3. (invite) to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, 4. sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired by the work of contemporary painters. Of the musical compositions as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.
Mussorgsky composed the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartman. 5. their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s unexpected death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, 6. decided to told an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky 7. (try) to relieve his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann.
The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition 8. (intend) as symbols rather than representation of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade (舞曲中的行进), as the composer walks from one painting to 9. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Thought a range of surprising contrasts, Mussorgsky manages 10. (convey) the spirit of the artist and his work.
最近，你们班来了一位新同学Alice，她来自美国，很不适应集体宿舍的生活，因此感到非常苦恼。作为班长(李娟)，你打算帮助她尽快适应集体生活，因此给她写了一封建议信。要点如下：
1. 宿舍生活是学校生活的重要部分；
2. 遵守校规，如按时作息等；
3. 学会与同学们交流与分享；
4. 和谐的宿舍生活很重要。
词数：100左右。
参考词汇：harmonious和谐的
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短文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限二词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Simon’s father bought him the new bike the day before yesterday, which made him very exciting. Then he began to ride it fast on the road. Seeing a man getting closely to him, Simon couldn’t stop it and as a result, he knock into the man. Being very kind, so the man didn’t scold him at all. Instead, he told him how dangerously it was to ride a bike so fast. He asked him to keep the lesson in mind. Simon felt regretful but ashamed. He promised keep the lesson in mind forever. Then, the man bent on and began to repair his bike. After a while, he got them repaired. Simon was greatly moved. He thanked the man and left happily.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nigeria is a country in West Africa. It has 1. population of over 180 million, making it the most populous country in Africa. Nigeria is famous 2. crude oil, music and fashion.
Last year I volunteered in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The purpose of the youth clubs was 3. (teach) children life skills such as teamwork, science and maths. It was a(n) 4. (enjoy) experience. I got to help other people and learn about Nigerian culture first-hand. In particular I learnt about Nigerian clothing and languages.
As well as 5. (wear) Western clothing, such as jeans and T-shirts, Nigerians also wear traditional clothing. Traditional clothing 6. (be) bold with bright colours, eye-catching patterns (图案) and unique shapes. Nigerians wear traditional clothing on Fridays and Sundays, and for special occasions like weddings. They either make the clothes themselves or have them 7. (make) by a tailor (裁缝).
The official language in Nigeria is English. English 8. (introduce) to Nigeria when Nigeria became part of the British Empire in 1901. English is 9. (main) spoken in big cities. Outside of these cities people speak lots of other languages. In fact, there are over 500 languages 10. are spoken in Nigeria. These languages come from different ethnic (种族的) groups.
I worked on boats for twentyfive years. Now I am a docking pilot(码头领航员). My job is to _____ in the large luxury liners(邮轮) and stay with them until they are _____ stopped in the harbour. Sometimes this requires two tugs(拖船), sometimes many more, _____ the tide and the weather.
Most of you no _____ have seen these tugs pushing and pulling at the big liners. What they are doing doesn't seem to make much _____,_as the minute the big boat is alongside the port, her heavy rope made fast, the job is _____.
I felt very _____ after I had docked several of the large liners. I realized I was in _____ of a great ship worth millions of dollars and the _____ were depending on me to bring her safely to the port. These tugs, whether one or ten, ______ about in accord with(与……一致) whistle signals I ______ them from the bridge of the big liner. These signals make up a language that is just as ______ as the spoken word, or even more so, ______ our docking signals are hardly misunderstood. The captain of each tug does his work according to the signals he ______. He never asks questions. He takes ______ faithfully, and it ______ works out.
Working around tugboats, where so much depends on ______,_has had its effect on what I believe. I believe that if I am to attain a(n) ______ place in the world I must have the help of my fellow men just as the great transatlantic(横越大西洋的) liners depend on the ______ of the little tugs to bring them safely to the ______.
1.A.put B.push C.bring D.join
2.A.safely B.dangerously C.immediately D.illegally
3.A.adding to B.letting alone C.thinking of D.depending on
4.A.wonder B.doubt C.need D.exception
5.A.sense B.profit C.progress D.advance
6.A.prepared B.lost C.planned D.done
7.A.bored B.meaningless C.important D.tired
8.A.control B.praise C.defence D.place
9.A.clerks B.sportsmen C.readers D.owners
10.A.look B.move C.hear D.worry
11.A.write B.send C.mail D.bring
12.A.dependable B.incredible C.doubtful D.visible
13.A.though B.if C.while D.because
14.A.gives B.spreads C.receives D.passes
15.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything
16.A.never B.ever C.always D.seldom
17.A.imagination B.creation C.teamwork D.performance
18.A.successful B.frustrating C.regretful D.embarrassing
19.A.prevention B.help C.objection D.delay
20.A.airport B.station C.port D.stop
