Question

    Scientists in Norway have more good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink — or the beans can help with weight loss, _______one's risk of developing some diseases, _______ muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce one's risk of _______ death. Now comes word that a cup of coffee reduces physical pain.

The surprising finding is based on a study _______ 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing fake computer tasks meant to mimic office work. The tasks were known to _______pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists, and the researchers wanted to _________ how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the pain of such tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test "to avoid _______effects of caffeine deprivation, e.g. decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and fatigue," they reported.

But when it came time to analyze the data, the researchers from Norway's National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a lower _______ of pain than the 29 people who didn't. In the shoulders and neck, _______, the average pain intensity was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for non-coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee's apparent pain-reduction effect ________.

However, the authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal BMC Research Notes, cautioned that since the study wasn't designed to test coffee's influence on pain, the results came with many ________. For starters, the researchers don't know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed before taking the computer tests. ________they doubt whether the coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers were ________in all respects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to ________ the importance of the findings. But those doubts are ________ to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit.

1.A.rise B.reduce C.release D.suffer

2.A.shape B.establish C.boost D.preserve

3.A.mutual B.subtle C.premature D.prepared

4.A.involving B.researching C.interviewing D.qualifying

5.A.cause B.endure C.ease D.cure

6.A.warn B.compare C.relieve D.treat

7.A.unpleasant B.modest C.significant D.positive

8.A.tendency B.intention C.intensity D.extension

9.A.on the contrary B.as a result C.for instance D.in one word

10.A.turned up B.broke out C.pointed out D.took up

11.A.satisfactions B.uncertainties C.consequences D.qualifications

12.A.Moreover B.However C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless

13.A.contemporary B.similar C.temporary D.initial

14.A.realize B.attach C.demonstrate D.weaken

15.A.unlikely B.sensible C.influential D.definite

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.A

5.A

6.B

7.A

8.C

9.C

10.A

11.B

12.A

13.B

14.D

15.A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现咖啡会降低人的疼痛感，但还存在一些不确定性，不过这也不会减少爱喝咖啡的人的饮用量。

1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现了证据，那就是咖啡或是咖啡豆可以帮助减肥，能够减少患其它病的风险，使肌肉快速增长，防止某些种类的癌症，甚至可以降低早死的风险。A. rise升起来；B. reduce降低；C. release释放，发行；D. suffer遭受。根据下文的can even reduce one's risk of ___3___ death.可知此处用“降低”符合语境，reduce是原词复现，故选B项。

2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shape塑造；B. establish建立；C. boost使增长；D. preserve保护。根据growth判断此处用“使增长”符合语境，故选C项。

3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mutual相互的；B. subtle微妙的；C. premature过早的，提前的；D. prepared准备好的。结合上文内容可知，本段主要讲咖啡的好处，故此处用“降低早死风险”符合语境，故选C项。

4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项惊人的发现是基于一项涉及48名志愿者的研究，他们同意花90分钟完成模拟办公室的电脑模拟任务。A. involving涉及；B. researching研究；C. interviewing采访；D. qualifying合格。结合句意可知，此处是指有48名志愿者参与了调查，即调查涉及了48名志愿者，故选A项。

5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：已知这些任务会导致肩膀、脖子、前臂疼痛，研究者们想比较有疼痛的人和没有疼痛的人是如何忍受这些任务的痛苦的。A. cause造成；B. endure忍耐；C. ease缓解；D. cure治愈。结合上下文可知，此处是指这些任务会造成人身体的某些部位疼痛，故选A项。

6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. warn警告；B. compare比较；C. relieve缓解，解除；D. treat治疗，对待。根据下文的how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the pain of such tasks可推测，研究者要做一组对比实验，故此处用“比较”符合语境，故选B项。

7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了方便起见，科学家们允许人们在测试之前喝咖啡，“以避免咖啡因剥夺的不良影响，如活力和警觉性下降、嗜睡和疲劳，”他们报告说。A. unpleasant不好的；B. modest谦虚的；C. significant重要的；D. positive积极的。根据后文的decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and fatigue可知这些都是“不良的”影响，故选A项。

8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在分析数据时，来自挪威国家职业健康研究所和奥斯陆大学医院的研究人员注意到，和咖啡的19名受试者报告的疼痛强度低于不喝咖啡的29名受试者。A. tendency趋向；B. intention加强；C. intensity强度；D. extension延申。根据下文的the average pain intensity was rated 41可知，此处用“强度”符合语境，intensity是原词复现，故选C项。

9.考查副词短语辨析。句意：例如，在肩部和颈部，喝咖啡的人的平均疼痛强度被评为41级，而不喝咖啡的人为55级。A. on the contrary相反；B. as a result因此；C. for instance例如；D. in one word总之。结合上下文可知，此处是对上文内容的举例说明，故选C项。

10.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在所有被测试疼痛部位都发现了类似的差距，咖啡明显的减轻疼痛的效果出现了。A. turned up出现；B. broke out爆发；C. pointed out指出；D. took up占据，从事。结合上下文可知，此处是指通过对比实验，研究人员发现了咖啡减轻疼痛的效果，即咖啡减轻疼痛的效果出现了，故选A项。

11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，该研究的作者，此项研究这周被发表在BMC Research Notes杂志上，警告说，这样研究并不是为了测试咖啡对疼痛的影响，因此结果存在很多不确定性。 A. satisfactions满意；B. uncertainties不确定的事情；C. consequences结果；D. qualifications资格证；根据下文的the researchers don't know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed before taking the computer tests可推测，结果有很多的不确定性，故选B项。

12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡以外，在所有方面是否相似。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文的For starters可知，此处用“此外”符合逻辑，故选A项。

13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. contemporary当代的；B. similar相似的；C. temporary暂时的；D. initial最初的。结合常识可知，对比实验是在一个条件不同，但其它所有条件都相同的情况下才会得到准确的结果，故选B项。

14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些类似的问题往往会削弱研究结果的重要性。A. realize意识到；B. attach附加；C. demonstrate演示；D. weaken削弱。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为实验过程的不严谨，会导致实验结果的重要性被削弱，故选D项。

15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这些疑问不太可能困扰那些寻找任何理由不减少其日程咖啡因习惯的咖啡饮用者。A. unlikely不可能的；B. sensible明智的；C. influential有影响的；D. definite肯定的。结合上下文可知，本句考查短语be unlikely to do sth.(很有不会做某事)此处是指不管研究结果如何，都不太可能影响咖啡爱好者，故选A项。