Question

    An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.

Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken and should usually be placed on a lower surface, near the ground instead of placing them in the cupboards higher up. Never place them near your bed, sofas and other furniture where you would be sitting or lying down. When there is a strong movement, these pieces will fall on the floor directly and not on you.

There is a strong chance of short circuits (短路) and fire during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.

During an earthquake, lie beneath an object that is not easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down. Stay inside until the  shaking stops and it is safe to go outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases at all times.

If you are outdoors, do not take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall  buildings. If you are driving, stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not park your car under a tree or any tall object.

If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆), cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is able to get. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a match(火柴) because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or kick up dust.

1.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers__________.

A.the damage caused by earthquakes B.the rescue work after earthquakes

C.how to prevent earthquakes D.what to do about earthquakes

2.The underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably means “__________”．

A.Easily found B.Easily broken

C.Expensive D.Heavy

3.During the earthquake, people are advised to __________.

A.go out of the building at once B.drive to a safe place quickly

C.take shelter under a tree D.turn off electricity and gas immediately

4.When trapped in debris, you’d better not  ___________.

A.shout for help aloud.

B.cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.

C.tap on a pipe or the wall hard so that rescuers can find you.

D.use a whistle if possible.

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.D

4.A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些应对地震的安全技巧。

1.主旨大意题。根据第一段“An earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters. It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple safety tips to protect yourself or your family members.”可知，地震是最常见的自然灾害之一，可能会造成很大的损害，因此，学习一些简单的安全技巧来保护你自己或你的家人是明智的，由此可知，这篇文章主要是告诉读者如何应对地震，故D项正确。

2.词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“items like those made of glass are easily broken”可知，玻璃制品属于易碎物品，很容易破碎，由此可知画线词词义为“易碎的、易坏的”，故B项正确。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Make sure you turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an earthquake happens.”可知，当地震发生时，请立即关闭电源和煤气，由此可知，当地震发生时，人们应该立即关闭电源和煤气，故D项正确。

4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If trapped in debris (瓦砾堆), cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so that rescuers can find you. Use a whistle (哨子) if one is able to get. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust.”可知，如果被困在废墟中，用手帕或衣服捂住嘴；轻敲管道或墙壁，以便救援人员能找到你；如果可以的话，用口哨；不要大声呼救，大喊会使你吸入大量危险的灰尘，由此可知，当被困在废墟中时，你最好不要大声呼救，故A项正确。